David’s Mighty Men

10 (A)Now these are the heads of the mighty men whom David had, who remained faithful to him in his kingdom, together with all Israel, to make him king, (B)in accordance with the word of the Lord concerning Israel. 11 These constitute the list of David’s mighty men: (C)Jashobeam, the son of a Hachmonite, (D)the chief of the thirty; he wielded his spear against three hundred [a]whom he killed at one time.

12 After him was Eleazar the son of (E)Dodo, the Ahohite, who was [b]one of the three mighty men. 13 He was with David at [c]Pas-dammim (F)when the Philistines were gathered together there to battle, and there was a plot of land full of barley; and the people fled from the Philistines. 14 But they took their stand in the midst of the plot and defended it, and defeated the Philistines; and the Lord saved them with a great [d]victory.

15 Now three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam, while (G)the army of the Philistines was camping in the Valley of Rephaim. 16 David was then in the stronghold, while (H)the garrison of the Philistines was then in Bethlehem. 17 And David had a craving and said, “Oh that someone would give me water to drink from the well of Bethlehem, which is by the gate!” 18 So the three broke through the camp of the Philistines and drew water from the well of Bethlehem which was by the gate, and took it and brought it to David; however, David would not drink it, but poured it out to the Lord; 19 and he said, “Far be it from me before my God that I would do this. Shall I drink the blood of these men who went [e]at the risk of their lives? For they brought it at the risk of their lives.” Therefore he would not drink it. The three mighty men did these things.

20 As for [f]Abshai the brother of Joab, he was chief of the [g]thirty, and he wielded his spear against three hundred [h]and killed them; and he had a name [i]as well as the [j]thirty. 21 Of the three in the second rank he was the most honored, and he became their commander; however, he did not attain the reputation of the first three.

22 (I)Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a warrior of Kabzeel, mighty in deeds, struck and killed the [k]two sons of Ariel of Moab. He also went down and struck and killed a lion inside a pit on a snowy day. 23 And he killed an Egyptian, a man of great stature [l]five cubits tall. Now in the Egyptian’s hand was (J)a spear like a weaver’s beam, but he went down to him with a club and snatched the spear from the Egyptian’s hand and killed him with his own spear. 24 Benaiah the son of Jehoiada did these things, and had a name [m]as well as the three mighty men. 25 Behold, he was honored among the thirty, but he did not attain the reputation of the first three; and David appointed him over his bodyguard.

26 Now the mighty men of the armies were Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem, 27 [n]Shammoth the Harorite, Helez the [o]Pelonite, 28 Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite, Abiezer the Anathothite, 29 [p]Sibbecai the Hushathite, [q]Ilai the Ahohite, 30 Maharai the Netophathite, [r]Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite, 31 Ithai the son of Ribai of Gibeah of the sons of Benjamin, Benaiah the Pirathonite, 32 [s]Hurai of the brooks of Gaash, [t]Abiel the Arbathite, 33 Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, 34 the sons of [u]Hashem the Gizonite, Jonathan the son of Shagee the Hararite, 35 Ahiam the son of [v]Sacar the Hararite, [w]Eliphal the son of Ur, 36 Hepher the Mecherathite, Ahijah the Pelonite, 37 Hezro the Carmelite, [x]Naarai the son of Ezbai, 38 Joel the brother of Nathan, Mibhar the son of Hagri, 39 Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armor bearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah, 40 Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite, 41 Uriah the Hittite, Zabad the son of Ahlai, 42 Adina the son of Shiza the Reubenite, a chief of the Reubenites, and thirty with him, 43 Hanan the son of Maacah and Joshaphat the Mithnite, 44 Uzzia the Ashterathite, Shama and Jeiel the sons of Hotham the Aroerite, 45 Jediael the son of Shimri and his brother Joha the Tizite, 46 Eliel the Mahavite, and Jeribai and Joshaviah, the sons of Elnaam, Ithmah the Moabite, 47 Eliel, Obed, and Jaasiel the Mezobaite.

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 11:11 Lit slain ones
  2. 1 Chronicles 11:12 Lit among
  3. 1 Chronicles 11:13 In 1 Sam 17:1, Ephes-dammim
  4. 1 Chronicles 11:14 Or salvation
  5. 1 Chronicles 11:19 Lit with their souls
  6. 1 Chronicles 11:20 In 2 Sam 23:18, Abishai
  7. 1 Chronicles 11:20 As in Syriac; MT three
  8. 1 Chronicles 11:20 Lit slain ones
  9. 1 Chronicles 11:20 Lit among the
  10. 1 Chronicles 11:20 As in Syriac; MT three
  11. 1 Chronicles 11:22 Or two lion-like heroes of
  12. 1 Chronicles 11:23 About 7.5 ft. or 2.3 m
  13. 1 Chronicles 11:24 Lit among the
  14. 1 Chronicles 11:27 In 2 Sam 23:25, Shammah the Harodite
  15. 1 Chronicles 11:27 In 2 Sam 23:26, Paltite
  16. 1 Chronicles 11:29 In 2 Sam 23:27, Mebunnai
  17. 1 Chronicles 11:29 In 2 Sam 23:28, Zalmon
  18. 1 Chronicles 11:30 In 2 Sam 23:29, Heleb
  19. 1 Chronicles 11:32 In 2 Sam 23:30, Hiddai
  20. 1 Chronicles 11:32 In 2 Sam 23:31, Abi-albon
  21. 1 Chronicles 11:34 In 2 Sam 23:32, Jashen
  22. 1 Chronicles 11:35 In 2 Sam 23:33, Sharar
  23. 1 Chronicles 11:35 In 2 Sam 23:34, Eliphelet the son of Ahasbai
  24. 1 Chronicles 11:37 In 2 Sam 23:35, Paarai the Arbite

David’s Warriors

10 These were the leaders of David’s warriors who, together with all Israel, stood courageously with him in his kingdom by installing him as king, in keeping with the Lord’s message concerning Israel. 11 This is the list of David’s warriors:[a]

Jashobeam, a Hacmonite, was head of the officers.[b] He killed 300 men with his spear in a single battle.[c]

12 Next in command[d] was Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite. He was one of the three elite warriors. 13 He was with David in Pas Dammim[e] when the Philistines assembled there for battle. In an area of the field that was full of barley, the army retreated before the Philistines, 14 but then they made a stand in the middle of that area. They defended it[f] and defeated the Philistines; the Lord gave them a great victory.[g]

15 Three of the thirty leaders went down to David at the rocky cliff at the cave of Adullam, while a Philistine force was camped in the Valley of Rephaim. 16 David was in the stronghold at the time, while a Philistine garrison was in Bethlehem. 17 David was thirsty and said, “How I wish someone would give me some water to drink[h] from the cistern in Bethlehem near the city gate!” 18 So the three elite warriors[i] broke through the Philistine forces and drew some water from the cistern in Bethlehem near the city gate. They carried it back to David, but David refused to drink it. He poured it out as a drink offering to the Lord 19 and said, “God forbid that I should do this![j] Should I drink the blood of these men who risked their lives?”[k] Because they risked their lives to bring it to him, he refused to drink it. Such were the exploits of the three elite warriors.[l]

20 Abishai the brother of Joab was head of the three[m] elite warriors. He killed 300 men with his spear[n] and gained fame along with the three elite warriors.[o] 21 From[p] the three he was given double honor and he became their officer, even though he was not one of them.[q]

22 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was a brave warrior from Kabzeel who performed great exploits. He struck down the two sons of Ariel of Moab;[r] he also went down and killed a lion inside a cistern on a snowy day. 23 He even killed an Egyptian who was 7½ feet[s] tall. The Egyptian had a spear in his hand as big as the crossbeam of a weaver’s loom; Benaiah attacked[t] him with a club. He grabbed the spear out of the Egyptian’s hand and killed him with his own spear. 24 Such were the exploits of Benaiah son of Jehoiada, who gained fame along with the three elite warriors. 25 He received honor from[u] the thirty warriors, though he was not one of the three elite warriors. David put him in charge of his bodyguard.

26 The mighty warriors were:

Asahel the brother of Joab,

Elhanan son of Dodo, from Bethlehem,

27 Shammoth the Harorite,[v]

Helez the Pelonite,[w]

28 Ira son of Ikkesh the Tekoite,

Abiezer the Anathothite,

29 Sibbekai[x] the Hushathite,

Ilai[y] the Ahohite,

30 Maharai the Netophathite,

Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite,

31 Ithai[z] son of Ribai from Gibeah in Benjaminite territory,

Benaiah the Pirathonite,

32 Hurai[aa] from the valleys of Gaash,

Abiel[ab] the Arbathite,

33 Azmaveth the Baharumite,[ac]

Eliahba the Shaalbonite,

34 the sons of Hashem[ad] the Gizonite,

Jonathan son of Shageh[ae] the Hararite,

35 Ahiam son of Sakar[af] the Hararite,

Eliphal son of Ur,[ag]

36 Hepher the Mekerathite,

Ahijah the Pelonite,

37 Hezro[ah] the Carmelite,

Naarai son of Ezbai,

38 Joel the brother of Nathan,[ai]

Mibhar son of Hagri,

39 Zelek the Ammonite,

Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah,

40 Ira the Ithrite,

Gareb the Ithrite,

41 Uriah the Hittite,

Zabad son of Achli,

42 Adina son of Shiza the Reubenite, leader of the Reubenites and the thirty warriors with him,

43 Hanan son of Maacah,

Joshaphat the Mithnite,

44 Uzzia the Ashterathite,

Shama and Jeiel, the sons of Hotham the Aroerite,

45 Jediael son of Shimri,

and Joha his brother, the Tizite,

46 Eliel the Mahavite,

and Jeribai and Joshaviah, the sons of Elnaam,

and Ithmah the Moabite,

47 Eliel,

and Obed,

and Jaasiel the Mezobaite.

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 11:11 tn Heb “and these are the number of the warriors who were David’s.”
  2. 1 Chronicles 11:11 tc The marginal reading (Qere) has “officers;” the consonantal text (Kethib) has “the Thirty” (see v. 15).
  3. 1 Chronicles 11:11 tn Heb “he was wielding his spear against 300, [who were] slain at one time.”
  4. 1 Chronicles 11:12 tn Heb “after him.”
  5. 1 Chronicles 11:13 tc Some read here “Ephes Dammim.” See 1 Sam 17:1.
  6. 1 Chronicles 11:14 tn Heb “delivered it.”
  7. 1 Chronicles 11:14 tn Heb “and the Lord delivered [with] a great deliverance.”
  8. 1 Chronicles 11:17 tn Heb “Who will give me water to drink?” On the rhetorical use of מִי (mi) here, see BDB 566 s.v. f.
  9. 1 Chronicles 11:18 tn Heb “the three,” referring to the three elite warriors mentioned in v. 12.
  10. 1 Chronicles 11:19 tn Heb “Far be it to me from my God from doing this.”
  11. 1 Chronicles 11:19 tn Heb “with their lives.” The same expression occurs later in this verse.
  12. 1 Chronicles 11:19 tn Heb “These things the three warriors did.”
  13. 1 Chronicles 11:20 tc The Syriac reads “thirty” here and at the beginning of v. 21; this reading is followed by some English translations (cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV, NLT).
  14. 1 Chronicles 11:20 tn Heb “he was wielding his spear against three hundred, [who were] slain.”
  15. 1 Chronicles 11:20 tn Heb “and to him [reading with the Qere] there was a name among the three.”
  16. 1 Chronicles 11:21 tn Or “more than.”
  17. 1 Chronicles 11:21 tn Heb “of the three.”
  18. 1 Chronicles 11:22 tc Heb “the two of Ariel, Moab.” The precise meaning of אֲרִיאֵל (ʾariʾel) is uncertain; some read “warrior.” The present translation assumes that the word is a proper name and that בְּנֵי (bene, “sons of”) has accidentally dropped from the text by homoioarcton (note the preceding שְׁנֵי, shene).
  19. 1 Chronicles 11:23 tn Heb “5 cubits.” Assuming a length of 18 inches for the standard cubit, this individual would be 7.5 feet (2.3 m) tall.
  20. 1 Chronicles 11:23 tn Heb “went down to.”
  21. 1 Chronicles 11:25 tn Or “more than.”
  22. 1 Chronicles 11:27 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:25 has the variant spelling of “Shammah.”
  23. 1 Chronicles 11:27 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:26 has the variant spelling of “Paltite.”
  24. 1 Chronicles 11:29 tn In 2 Sam 23:27 this individual’s name is given as “Mebunnai.”
  25. 1 Chronicles 11:29 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:28 has the variant “Zalmon.”
  26. 1 Chronicles 11:31 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:29 has the variant spelling “Ittai.”
  27. 1 Chronicles 11:32 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:28 has the variant spelling “Hiddai.”
  28. 1 Chronicles 11:32 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:31 has the variant spelling “Abi-Albon.”
  29. 1 Chronicles 11:33 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:31 has the variant spelling “Barhumite.”
  30. 1 Chronicles 11:34 tn In 2 Sam 23:32 this individual’s name is given as “Jashen.”
  31. 1 Chronicles 11:34 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:33 has the variant spelling “Shammah.”
  32. 1 Chronicles 11:35 tn In 2 Sam 23:33 this individual’s name is given as “Sharar.”
  33. 1 Chronicles 11:35 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:34 has the variant “Eliphelet son of Ahasbai the Maacathite.”
  34. 1 Chronicles 11:37 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:35 has the variant spelling “Hezrai.”
  35. 1 Chronicles 11:38 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:36 has the variant “Igal son of Nathan from Zobah.”