ESV Reformation Study Bible – Isa 9:20–21
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Isa 9:20–21

9:20, 21 devour . . . devours. Pride, narcissism, and greed destroy the fiber of society, especially the covenant relationship among the tribes. Historically, Manasseh had fought Ephraim (Judg. 12:4), and together they battled Judah during the war with Israel and Syria.