Matthew 10:1-4

Amplified Bible

The Twelve Disciples; Instructions for Service

10 Jesus summoned His twelve disciples and gave them authority and power over unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal every kind of disease and every kind of sickness.^(A)

²Now these are the names of the twelve ^[a]apostles (special messengers, personally chosen representatives): first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew, his brother; ^[b]James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother;^(B) ³Philip and Bartholomew (Nathanael); Thomas and Matthew (Levi) the tax collector; ^[c]James the son of ^[d]Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus (Judas, not Iscariot); ⁴Simon the Cananaean (Zealot), and Judas Iscariot, the one who betrayed Him.

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Footnotes

Matthew 10:2 In general usage the word “apostle” (Gr apostolos) means “sent one” or “messenger.” In this passage and others in reference to the “twelve,” the word “apostles” is used in a technical sense of the twelve disciples, and later Paul, whom Jesus chose. An apostle was one who witnessed Christ’s resurrection (Acts 1:21, 22; 1 Cor 9:1, 2). They validated their apostleship by performing “signs and wonders and miracles” (2 Cor 12:12), and were the foundation of the church.
Matthew 10:2 It is believed that Salome, Zebedee’s wife and the mother of James and John was a sister of Mary, the mother of Jesus.
Matthew 10:3 Also known as James the Less or James the Younger. It is believed that his mother, Mary (Gr Maria), was a sister or sister-in-law of Mary, the mother of Jesus (John 19:25).
Matthew 10:3 Possibly the Hebrew or Syriac name of the same person: Clopas. He may be the “Cleopas” mentioned in Luke 24:18.