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The Lord’s Challenge Continues

39 “Do you know when the wild goats give birth?
    Have you watched as deer are born in the wild?
Do you know how many months they carry their young?
    Are you aware of the time of their delivery?
They crouch down to give birth to their young
    and deliver their offspring.
Their young grow up in the open fields,
    then leave home and never return.

“Who gives the wild donkey its freedom?
    Who untied its ropes?
I have placed it in the wilderness;
    its home is the wasteland.
It hates the noise of the city
    and has no driver to shout at it.
The mountains are its pastureland,
    where it searches for every blade of grass.

“Will the wild ox consent to being tamed?
    Will it spend the night in your stall?
10 Can you hitch a wild ox to a plow?
    Will it plow a field for you?
11 Given its strength, can you trust it?
    Can you leave and trust the ox to do your work?
12 Can you rely on it to bring home your grain
    and deliver it to your threshing floor?

13 “The ostrich flaps her wings grandly,
    but they are no match for the feathers of the stork.
14 She lays her eggs on top of the earth,
    letting them be warmed in the dust.
15 She doesn’t worry that a foot might crush them
    or a wild animal might destroy them.
16 She is harsh toward her young,
    as if they were not her own.
    She doesn’t care if they die.
17 For God has deprived her of wisdom.
    He has given her no understanding.
18 But whenever she jumps up to run,
    she passes the swiftest horse with its rider.

19 “Have you given the horse its strength
    or clothed its neck with a flowing mane?
20 Did you give it the ability to leap like a locust?
    Its majestic snorting is terrifying!
21 It paws the earth and rejoices in its strength
    when it charges out to battle.
22 It laughs at fear and is unafraid.
    It does not run from the sword.
23 The arrows rattle against it,
    and the spear and javelin flash.
24 It paws the ground fiercely
    and rushes forward into battle when the ram’s horn blows.
25 It snorts at the sound of the horn.
    It senses the battle in the distance.
    It quivers at the captain’s commands and the noise of battle.

26 “Is it your wisdom that makes the hawk soar
    and spread its wings toward the south?
27 Is it at your command that the eagle rises
    to the heights to make its nest?
28 It lives on the cliffs,
    making its home on a distant, rocky crag.
29 From there it hunts its prey,
    keeping watch with piercing eyes.
30 Its young gulp down blood.
    Where there’s a carcass, there you’ll find it.”

40 Then the Lord said to Job,

“Do you still want to argue with the Almighty?
    You are God’s critic, but do you have the answers?”

Job Responds to the Lord

Then Job replied to the Lord,

“I am nothing—how could I ever find the answers?
    I will cover my mouth with my hand.
I have said too much already.
    I have nothing more to say.”

The Lord Challenges Job Again

Then the Lord answered Job from the whirlwind:

“Brace yourself like a man,
    because I have some questions for you,
    and you must answer them.

“Will you discredit my justice
    and condemn me just to prove you are right?
Are you as strong as God?
    Can you thunder with a voice like his?
10 All right, put on your glory and splendor,
    your honor and majesty.
11 Give vent to your anger.
    Let it overflow against the proud.
12 Humiliate the proud with a glance;
    walk on the wicked where they stand.
13 Bury them in the dust.
    Imprison them in the world of the dead.
14 Then even I would praise you,
    for your own strength would save you.

15 “Take a look at Behemoth,[a]
    which I made, just as I made you.
    It eats grass like an ox.
16 See its powerful loins
    and the muscles of its belly.
17 Its tail is as strong as a cedar.
    The sinews of its thighs are knit tightly together.
18 Its bones are tubes of bronze.
    Its limbs are bars of iron.
19 It is a prime example of God’s handiwork,
    and only its Creator can threaten it.
20 The mountains offer it their best food,
    where all the wild animals play.
21 It lies under the lotus plants,[b]
    hidden by the reeds in the marsh.
22 The lotus plants give it shade
    among the willows beside the stream.
23 It is not disturbed by the raging river,
    not concerned when the swelling Jordan rushes around it.
24 No one can catch it off guard
    or put a ring in its nose and lead it away.

Footnotes

  1. 40:15 The identification of Behemoth is disputed, ranging from an earthly creature to a mythical sea monster in ancient literature.
  2. 40:21 Or bramble bushes; also in 40:22.

God Speaks of Nature and Its Beings

39 “Do you know the time the [a](A)mountain goats give birth?
Do you observe the calving of the (B)deer?
Can you count the months they fulfill,
Or do you know the time they give birth?
They kneel down, they deliver their young,
They get rid of their labor pains.
Their offspring become strong, they grow up in the open field;
They leave and do not return to them.

“Who sent the (C)wild donkey out free?
And who opened the bonds of the swift donkey,
To whom I gave (D)the wilderness as his home,
And the salt land as his dwelling place?
He laughs at the turmoil of the city,
He does not hear the shouting of the taskmaster.
He explores the mountains of his pasture,
And searches after every green thing.
Will the (E)wild bull be willing to serve you,
Or will he spend the night at your feeding trough?
10 Can you tie down the wild bull in a furrow with [b]ropes,
Or will he [c]plow the valleys after you?
11 Will you trust him because his strength is great,
And leave your labor to him?
12 Will you have faith in him that he will return your [d]grain
And gather it from your threshing floor?

13 “The wings of the ostrich flap joyously,
With the pinion and feathers of [e]love,
14 For she abandons her eggs to the earth
And warms them in the dust,
15 And she forgets that a foot may crush [f]them,
Or that a wild animal may trample [g]them.
16 She treats her young (F)cruelly, as if they were not hers;
Though her labor is for nothing, she is [h]unconcerned,
17 Because God has made her forget wisdom,
And has not given her a share of understanding.
18 When she rushes away on high,
She laughs at the horse and his rider.

19 “Do you give the horse his might?
Do you clothe his neck with a mane?
20 Do you make him (G)leap like locusts?
His majestic (H)snorting is frightening.
21 [i]He paws in the valley, and rejoices in his strength;
He (I)goes out to meet the battle.
22 He laughs at fear and is not dismayed;
And he does not turn back from the sword.
23 The quiver rattles against him,
The flashing spear and javelin.
24 He [j]races over the ground with a roar and fury,
And he does not stand still when he hears the sound of the trumpet.
25 As often as the trumpet sounds he says, ‘Aha!’
And he senses the battle from afar,
And the thunder of the captains and the war cry.

26 “Is it by your understanding that the hawk soars,
Stretching his wings toward the south?
27 Is it at your [k]command that the eagle flies high,
And makes (J)his nest on high?
28 He dwells and spends his nights on the cliff,
On the rocky cliff, an inaccessible place.
29 From there he (K)tracks food;
His eyes look at it from afar.
30 His young ones also lick up blood greedily;
And (L)where the slain are, there he is.”

Job Says What Can I Say?

40 Then the Lord said to Job,

“Will the faultfinder (M)contend with the Almighty?
Let him who (N)rebukes God [l]give an answer.”

Then Job answered the Lord and said,

“Behold, I am insignificant; what can I say in response to You?
I (O)put my hand on my mouth.
I have spoken once, and (P)I will not reply;
Or twice, and I will add nothing more.”

God Questions Job

Then the (Q)Lord answered Job from the whirlwind and said,

“Now [m](R)tighten the belt on your waist like a man;
I will (S)ask you, and you instruct Me.
Will you really (T)nullify My judgment?
Will you (U)condemn Me (V)so that you may be justified?
Or do you have an arm like God,
And can you (W)thunder with a voice like His?

10 (X)Adorn yourself with pride and dignity,
And clothe yourself with honor and majesty.
11 Let out your (Y)outbursts of anger,
And look at everyone who is (Z)arrogant, and humble him.
12 Look at everyone who is arrogant, and (AA)humble him,
And (AB)trample down the wicked [n]where they stand.
13 (AC)Hide them together in the dust;
Imprison [o]them in the hidden place.
14 Then I will also [p]confess to you,
That your own right hand can save you.

God’s Power Shown in Creatures

15 “Behold, [q]Behemoth, which (AD)I made [r]as well as you;
He eats grass like an ox.
16 Behold, his strength in his waist,
And his power in the muscles of his belly.
17 He hangs his tail like a cedar;
The tendons of his thighs are knit together.
18 His bones are tubes of bronze;
His [s]limbs are like bars of iron.

19 “He is the (AE)first of the ways of God;
Let his (AF)Maker bring His sword near.
20 Indeed the [t]mountains (AG)bring him food,
And all the animals of the field (AH)play there.
21 He lies down under the lotus plants,
In the hiding place of the reeds and the marsh.
22 The lotus plants cover him with [u]shade;
The willows of the brook surround him.
23 If a river [v]rages, he is not alarmed;
He is confident, though the (AI)Jordan rushes to his mouth.
24 Can anyone capture him [w]when he is on watch,
Can anyone pierce his nose with barbs?

Footnotes

  1. Job 39:1 Lit goats of the rock
  2. Job 39:10 Lit his rope
  3. Job 39:10 I.e., pull a harrow, a farming device
  4. Job 39:12 Lit seed
  5. Job 39:13 Or a stork
  6. Job 39:15 Lit it
  7. Job 39:15 Lit it
  8. Job 39:16 Lit without fear
  9. Job 39:21 Lit They paw
  10. Job 39:24 Lit swallows up
  11. Job 39:27 Lit mouth
  12. Job 40:2 Lit answer it
  13. Job 40:7 I.e., as if for battle
  14. Job 40:12 Lit under them
  15. Job 40:13 Lit their faces
  16. Job 40:14 Or praise you
  17. Job 40:15 I.e., a powerful animal, possibly a hippopotamus
  18. Job 40:15 Lit with you
  19. Job 40:18 Lit bones
  20. Job 40:20 I.e., the mountain streams
  21. Job 40:22 Lit his shade
  22. Job 40:23 Or oppresses
  23. Job 40:24 Lit in his eyes

Love Is the Greatest

13 If I could speak all the languages of earth and of angels, but didn’t love others, I would only be a noisy gong or a clanging cymbal. If I had the gift of prophecy, and if I understood all of God’s secret plans and possessed all knowledge, and if I had such faith that I could move mountains, but didn’t love others, I would be nothing. If I gave everything I have to the poor and even sacrificed my body, I could boast about it;[a] but if I didn’t love others, I would have gained nothing.

Love is patient and kind. Love is not jealous or boastful or proud or rude. It does not demand its own way. It is not irritable, and it keeps no record of being wronged. It does not rejoice about injustice but rejoices whenever the truth wins out. Love never gives up, never loses faith, is always hopeful, and endures through every circumstance.

Prophecy and speaking in unknown languages[b] and special knowledge will become useless. But love will last forever! Now our knowledge is partial and incomplete, and even the gift of prophecy reveals only part of the whole picture! 10 But when the time of perfection comes, these partial things will become useless.

11 When I was a child, I spoke and thought and reasoned as a child. But when I grew up, I put away childish things. 12 Now we see things imperfectly, like puzzling reflections in a mirror, but then we will see everything with perfect clarity.[c] All that I know now is partial and incomplete, but then I will know everything completely, just as God now knows me completely.

13 Three things will last forever—faith, hope, and love—and the greatest of these is love.

Tongues and Prophecy

14 Let love be your highest goal! But you should also desire the special abilities the Spirit gives—especially the ability to prophesy. For if you have the ability to speak in tongues,[d] you will be talking only to God, since people won’t be able to understand you. You will be speaking by the power of the Spirit,[e] but it will all be mysterious. But one who prophesies strengthens others, encourages them, and comforts them. A person who speaks in tongues is strengthened personally, but one who speaks a word of prophecy strengthens the entire church.

I wish you could all speak in tongues, but even more I wish you could all prophesy. For prophecy is greater than speaking in tongues, unless someone interprets what you are saying so that the whole church will be strengthened.

Dear brothers and sisters,[f] if I should come to you speaking in an unknown language,[g] how would that help you? But if I bring you a revelation or some special knowledge or prophecy or teaching, that will be helpful. Even lifeless instruments like the flute or the harp must play the notes clearly, or no one will recognize the melody. And if the bugler doesn’t sound a clear call, how will the soldiers know they are being called to battle?

It’s the same for you. If you speak to people in words they don’t understand, how will they know what you are saying? You might as well be talking into empty space.

10 There are many different languages in the world, and every language has meaning. 11 But if I don’t understand a language, I will be a foreigner to someone who speaks it, and the one who speaks it will be a foreigner to me. 12 And the same is true for you. Since you are so eager to have the special abilities the Spirit gives, seek those that will strengthen the whole church.

13 So anyone who speaks in tongues should pray also for the ability to interpret what has been said. 14 For if I pray in tongues, my spirit is praying, but I don’t understand what I am saying.

15 Well then, what shall I do? I will pray in the spirit,[h] and I will also pray in words I understand. I will sing in the spirit, and I will also sing in words I understand. 16 For if you praise God only in the spirit, how can those who don’t understand you praise God along with you? How can they join you in giving thanks when they don’t understand what you are saying? 17 You will be giving thanks very well, but it won’t strengthen the people who hear you.

18 I thank God that I speak in tongues more than any of you. 19 But in a church meeting I would rather speak five understandable words to help others than ten thousand words in an unknown language.

20 Dear brothers and sisters, don’t be childish in your understanding of these things. Be innocent as babies when it comes to evil, but be mature in understanding matters of this kind. 21 It is written in the Scriptures[i]:

“I will speak to my own people
    through strange languages
    and through the lips of foreigners.
But even then, they will not listen to me,”[j]
    says the Lord.

22 So you see that speaking in tongues is a sign, not for believers, but for unbelievers. Prophecy, however, is for the benefit of believers, not unbelievers. 23 Even so, if unbelievers or people who don’t understand these things come into your church meeting and hear everyone speaking in an unknown language, they will think you are crazy. 24 But if all of you are prophesying, and unbelievers or people who don’t understand these things come into your meeting, they will be convicted of sin and judged by what you say. 25 As they listen, their secret thoughts will be exposed, and they will fall to their knees and worship God, declaring, “God is truly here among you.”

A Call to Orderly Worship

26 Well, my brothers and sisters, let’s summarize. When you meet together, one will sing, another will teach, another will tell some special revelation God has given, one will speak in tongues, and another will interpret what is said. But everything that is done must strengthen all of you.

27 No more than two or three should speak in tongues. They must speak one at a time, and someone must interpret what they say. 28 But if no one is present who can interpret, they must be silent in your church meeting and speak in tongues to God privately.

29 Let two or three people prophesy, and let the others evaluate what is said. 30 But if someone is prophesying and another person receives a revelation from the Lord, the one who is speaking must stop. 31 In this way, all who prophesy will have a turn to speak, one after the other, so that everyone will learn and be encouraged. 32 Remember that people who prophesy are in control of their spirit and can take turns. 33 For God is not a God of disorder but of peace, as in all the meetings of God’s holy people.[k]

34 Women should be silent during the church meetings. It is not proper for them to speak. They should be submissive, just as the law says. 35 If they have any questions, they should ask their husbands at home, for it is improper for women to speak in church meetings.[l]

36 Or do you think God’s word originated with you Corinthians? Are you the only ones to whom it was given? 37 If you claim to be a prophet or think you are spiritual, you should recognize that what I am saying is a command from the Lord himself. 38 But if you do not recognize this, you yourself will not be recognized.[m]

39 So, my dear brothers and sisters, be eager to prophesy, and don’t forbid speaking in tongues. 40 But be sure that everything is done properly and in order.

Footnotes

  1. 13:3 Some manuscripts read sacrificed my body to be burned.
  2. 13:8 Or in tongues.
  3. 13:12 Greek see face to face.
  4. 14:2a Or in unknown languages; also in 14:4, 5, 13, 14, 18, 22, 26, 27, 28, 39.
  5. 14:2b Or speaking in your spirit.
  6. 14:6a Greek brothers; also in 14:20, 26, 39.
  7. 14:6b Or in tongues; also in 14:19, 23.
  8. 14:15 Or in the Spirit; also in 14:15b, 16.
  9. 14:21a Greek in the law.
  10. 14:21b Isa 28:11-12.
  11. 14:33 The phrase as in all the meetings of God’s holy people could instead be joined to the beginning of 14:34.
  12. 14:35 Some manuscripts place verses 34-35 after 14:40.
  13. 14:38 Some manuscripts read If you are ignorant of this, stay in your ignorance.

The Excellence of Love

13 If I speak with the (A)tongues of mankind and of (B)angels, but do not have love, I have become a noisy gong or a (C)clanging cymbal. If I have the gift of (D)prophecy and know all (E)mysteries and all (F)knowledge, and if I have (G)all faith so as to (H)remove mountains, but do not have love, I am nothing. And if I (I)give away all my possessions to charity, and if I (J)surrender my body so that I may [a]glory, but do not have love, it does me no good.

Love (K)is patient, love is kind, it (L)is not jealous; love does not brag, it is not (M)arrogant. It does not act disgracefully, it (N)does not seek its own benefit; it is not provoked, (O)does not keep an account of a wrong suffered, (P)it does not rejoice in unrighteousness, but (Q)rejoices with the truth; it [b](R)keeps every confidence, it believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.

Love never fails; but if there are gifts of [c](S)prophecy, they will be done away with; if there are (T)tongues, they will cease; if there is knowledge, it will be done away with. For we (U)know in part and prophesy in part; 10 but when the perfect comes, the partial will be done away with. 11 When I was a child, I used to speak like a child, think like a child, reason like a child; when I [d]became a man, I did away with childish things. 12 For now we (V)see in a mirror [e]dimly, but then (W)face to face; now I know in part, but then I will know fully, just as I also (X)have been fully known. 13 But now faith, hope, and love remain, these three; but the [f]greatest of these is (Y)love.

Prophecy a Superior Gift

14 (Z)Pursue love, yet earnestly (AA)desire (AB)spiritual gifts, but especially that you may (AC)prophesy. For the one who (AD)speaks in a tongue does not speak to people, but to God; for no one [g]understands, but [h]in his spirit he speaks (AE)mysteries. But the one who prophesies speaks to people for (AF)edification, [i](AG)exhortation, and consolation. The one who (AH)speaks in a tongue (AI)edifies himself; but the one who (AJ)prophesies (AK)edifies the church. Now I wish that you all (AL)spoke in tongues, but (AM)rather that you would prophesy; and greater is the one who prophesies than the one who (AN)speaks in tongues, unless he interprets, so that the church may receive (AO)edification.

But now, brothers and sisters, if I come to you speaking in tongues, how will I benefit you unless I speak to you either by way of (AP)revelation, or of (AQ)knowledge, or of (AR)prophecy, or of (AS)teaching? Yet even lifeless instruments, whether flute or harp, in producing a sound, if they do not produce a distinction in the tones, how will it be known what is played on the flute or on the harp? For if (AT)the trumpet produces an indistinct sound, who will prepare himself for battle? So you too, unless you produce intelligible speech by the tongue, how will it be known what is spoken? For you will just be (AU)talking to the air. 10 There are, perhaps, a great many kinds of [j]languages in the world, and none is incapable of meaning. 11 So if I do not know the meaning of the language, I will be (AV)unintelligible to the one who speaks, and the one who speaks will be unintelligible [k]to me. 12 So you too, since you are eager to possess [l]spiritual gifts, strive to excel for the (AW)edification of the church.

13 Therefore, one who speaks in a tongue is to pray that he may interpret. 14 For if I pray in a tongue, my spirit prays, but my mind is unproductive. 15 (AX)What is the outcome then? I will pray with the spirit, but I will pray with the mind also; I will (AY)sing with the spirit, but I will sing with the mind also. 16 For otherwise, if you bless God [m]in the spirit only, how will the one who occupies the place of the [n]outsider know to say (AZ)the “Amen” at your (BA)giving of thanks, since he does not understand what you are saying? 17 For you are giving thanks well enough, but the other person is not (BB)edified. 18 I thank God, I speak in tongues more than you all; 19 nevertheless, in church I prefer to speak five words with my mind so that I may instruct others also, rather than ten thousand words in a tongue.

Instruction for the Church

20 (BC)Brothers and sisters, (BD)do not be children in your thinking; yet in evil (BE)be infants, but in your thinking be mature. 21 In (BF)the [o]Law it is written: “(BG)By men of strange tongues and by the lips of strangers I will speak to this people, and even so they will not listen to Me,” says the Lord. 22 So then, tongues are for a sign, not to those who believe but to unbelievers; but (BH)prophecy is not for unbelievers, but for those who believe. 23 Therefore if the whole church gathers together and all the people speak in tongues, and [p]outsiders or unbelievers enter, will they not say that (BI)you are insane? 24 But if all (BJ)prophesy, and an unbeliever or an [q]outsider enters, he is (BK)convicted by all, he is called to account by all; 25 (BL)the secrets of his heart are disclosed; and so he will (BM)fall on his face and worship God, (BN)declaring that God is certainly among you.

26 (BO)What is the outcome then, (BP)brothers and sisters? When you assemble, (BQ)each one has a (BR)psalm, has a (BS)teaching, has a (BT)revelation, has a (BU)tongue, has an (BV)interpretation. (BW)All things are to be done for edification. 27 If anyone speaks in a (BX)tongue, it must be by two or at the most three, and each one in turn, and one is to (BY)interpret; 28 but if there is no interpreter, he is to keep silent in church; and have him speak to himself and to God. 29 Have two or three (BZ)prophets speak, and have the others (CA)pass judgment. 30 But if a revelation is made to another who is seated, then the first one is to keep silent. 31 For you can all prophesy one by one, so that all may learn and all may be [r]exhorted; 32 and the spirits of prophets are subject to prophets; 33 for God is not a God of (CB)confusion, but of peace.

As in (CC)all the churches of the [s](CD)saints, 34 the women are to (CE)keep silent in the churches; for they are not permitted to speak, but (CF)are to subject themselves, just as (CG)the Law also says. 35 If they desire to learn anything, let them ask their own husbands at home; for it is [t]improper for a woman to speak in church. 36 Or was it from you that the word of God first went out? Or has it come to you only?

37 (CH)If anyone thinks that he is a prophet or (CI)spiritual, let him recognize that the things which I write to you (CJ)are the Lord’s commandment. 38 But if anyone does not recognize this, [u]he is not recognized.

39 Therefore, my brothers and sisters, (CK)earnestly desire to (CL)prophesy, and do not forbid speaking in tongues. 40 But (CM)all things must be done properly and in an orderly way.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Corinthians 13:3 I.e., in martyrdom
  2. 1 Corinthians 13:7 Lit covers all things
  3. 1 Corinthians 13:8 Lit prophecies
  4. 1 Corinthians 13:11 Lit have become...have done away with
  5. 1 Corinthians 13:12 Lit in a riddle
  6. 1 Corinthians 13:13 Lit greater
  7. 1 Corinthians 14:2 Lit hears
  8. 1 Corinthians 14:2 Or by the Spirit
  9. 1 Corinthians 14:3 Or encouragement
  10. 1 Corinthians 14:10 Lit voices
  11. 1 Corinthians 14:11 Or in my estimation
  12. 1 Corinthians 14:12 Lit spirits
  13. 1 Corinthians 14:16 Or with the
  14. 1 Corinthians 14:16 Lit private person
  15. 1 Corinthians 14:21 I.e., Old Testament, Isaiah
  16. 1 Corinthians 14:23 See note 2 v 16
  17. 1 Corinthians 14:24 See note 2 v 16
  18. 1 Corinthians 14:31 Or encouraged
  19. 1 Corinthians 14:33 I.e., God’s people
  20. 1 Corinthians 14:35 Or disgraceful
  21. 1 Corinthians 14:38 Two early mss let him continue not to recognize it