Print Page Options Listen to James 1-5

James,(A) a servant of God(B) and of the Lord Jesus Christ,

To the twelve tribes(C) scattered(D) among the nations:

Greetings.(E)

Trials and Temptations

Consider it pure joy, my brothers and sisters,[a] whenever you face trials of many kinds,(F) because you know that the testing of your faith(G) produces perseverance.(H) Let perseverance finish its work so that you may be mature(I) and complete, not lacking anything. If any of you lacks wisdom, you should ask God,(J) who gives generously to all without finding fault, and it will be given to you.(K) But when you ask, you must believe and not doubt,(L) because the one who doubts is like a wave of the sea, blown and tossed by the wind. That person should not expect to receive anything from the Lord. Such a person is double-minded(M) and unstable(N) in all they do.

Believers in humble circumstances ought to take pride in their high position.(O) 10 But the rich should take pride in their humiliation—since they will pass away like a wild flower.(P) 11 For the sun rises with scorching heat(Q) and withers(R) the plant; its blossom falls and its beauty is destroyed.(S) In the same way, the rich will fade away even while they go about their business.

12 Blessed is the one who perseveres under trial(T) because, having stood the test, that person will receive the crown of life(U) that the Lord has promised to those who love him.(V)

13 When tempted, no one should say, “God is tempting me.” For God cannot be tempted by evil, nor does he tempt anyone; 14 but each person is tempted when they are dragged away by their own(W) evil desire and enticed. 15 Then, after desire has conceived, it gives birth to sin;(X) and sin, when it is full-grown, gives birth to death.(Y)

16 Don’t be deceived,(Z) my dear brothers and sisters.(AA) 17 Every good and perfect gift is from above,(AB) coming down from the Father of the heavenly lights,(AC) who does not change(AD) like shifting shadows. 18 He chose to give us birth(AE) through the word of truth,(AF) that we might be a kind of firstfruits(AG) of all he created.

Listening and Doing

19 My dear brothers and sisters,(AH) take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak(AI) and slow to become angry, 20 because human anger(AJ) does not produce the righteousness that God desires. 21 Therefore, get rid of(AK) all moral filth and the evil that is so prevalent and humbly accept the word planted in you,(AL) which can save you.

22 Do not merely listen to the word, and so deceive yourselves. Do what it says.(AM) 23 Anyone who listens to the word but does not do what it says is like someone who looks at his face in a mirror 24 and, after looking at himself, goes away and immediately forgets what he looks like. 25 But whoever looks intently into the perfect law that gives freedom,(AN) and continues in it—not forgetting what they have heard, but doing it—they will be blessed in what they do.(AO)

26 Those who consider themselves religious and yet do not keep a tight rein on their tongues(AP) deceive themselves, and their religion is worthless. 27 Religion that God our Father accepts as pure and faultless is this: to look after(AQ) orphans and widows(AR) in their distress and to keep oneself from being polluted by the world.(AS)

Favoritism Forbidden

My brothers and sisters, believers in our glorious(AT) Lord Jesus Christ must not show favoritism.(AU) Suppose a man comes into your meeting wearing a gold ring and fine clothes, and a poor man in filthy old clothes also comes in. If you show special attention to the man wearing fine clothes and say, “Here’s a good seat for you,” but say to the poor man, “You stand there” or “Sit on the floor by my feet,” have you not discriminated among yourselves and become judges(AV) with evil thoughts?

Listen, my dear brothers and sisters:(AW) Has not God chosen those who are poor in the eyes of the world(AX) to be rich in faith(AY) and to inherit the kingdom(AZ) he promised those who love him?(BA) But you have dishonored the poor.(BB) Is it not the rich who are exploiting you? Are they not the ones who are dragging you into court?(BC) Are they not the ones who are blaspheming the noble name of him to whom you belong?

If you really keep the royal law found in Scripture, “Love your neighbor as yourself,”[b](BD) you are doing right. But if you show favoritism,(BE) you sin and are convicted by the law as lawbreakers.(BF) 10 For whoever keeps the whole law and yet stumbles(BG) at just one point is guilty of breaking all of it.(BH) 11 For he who said, “You shall not commit adultery,”[c](BI) also said, “You shall not murder.”[d](BJ) If you do not commit adultery but do commit murder, you have become a lawbreaker.

12 Speak and act as those who are going to be judged(BK) by the law that gives freedom,(BL) 13 because judgment without mercy will be shown to anyone who has not been merciful.(BM) Mercy triumphs over judgment.

Faith and Deeds

14 What good is it, my brothers and sisters, if someone claims to have faith but has no deeds?(BN) Can such faith save them? 15 Suppose a brother or a sister is without clothes and daily food.(BO) 16 If one of you says to them, “Go in peace; keep warm and well fed,” but does nothing about their physical needs, what good is it?(BP) 17 In the same way, faith by itself, if it is not accompanied by action, is dead.(BQ)

18 But someone will say, “You have faith; I have deeds.”

Show me your faith without deeds,(BR) and I will show you my faith(BS) by my deeds.(BT) 19 You believe that there is one God.(BU) Good! Even the demons believe that(BV)—and shudder.

20 You foolish person, do you want evidence that faith without deeds is useless[e]?(BW) 21 Was not our father Abraham considered righteous for what he did when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?(BX) 22 You see that his faith and his actions were working together,(BY) and his faith was made complete by what he did.(BZ) 23 And the scripture was fulfilled that says, “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness,”[f](CA) and he was called God’s friend.(CB) 24 You see that a person is considered righteous by what they do and not by faith alone.

25 In the same way, was not even Rahab the prostitute considered righteous for what she did when she gave lodging to the spies and sent them off in a different direction?(CC) 26 As the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without deeds is dead.(CD)

Taming the Tongue

Not many of you should become teachers,(CE) my fellow believers, because you know that we who teach will be judged(CF) more strictly.(CG) We all stumble(CH) in many ways. Anyone who is never at fault in what they say(CI) is perfect,(CJ) able to keep their whole body in check.(CK)

When we put bits into the mouths of horses to make them obey us, we can turn the whole animal.(CL) Or take ships as an example. Although they are so large and are driven by strong winds, they are steered by a very small rudder wherever the pilot wants to go. Likewise, the tongue is a small part of the body, but it makes great boasts.(CM) Consider what a great forest is set on fire by a small spark. The tongue also is a fire,(CN) a world of evil among the parts of the body. It corrupts the whole body,(CO) sets the whole course of one’s life on fire, and is itself set on fire by hell.(CP)

All kinds of animals, birds, reptiles and sea creatures are being tamed and have been tamed by mankind, but no human being can tame the tongue. It is a restless evil, full of deadly poison.(CQ)

With the tongue we praise our Lord and Father, and with it we curse human beings, who have been made in God’s likeness.(CR) 10 Out of the same mouth come praise and cursing. My brothers and sisters, this should not be. 11 Can both fresh water and salt water flow from the same spring? 12 My brothers and sisters, can a fig tree bear olives, or a grapevine bear figs?(CS) Neither can a salt spring produce fresh water.

Two Kinds of Wisdom

13 Who is wise and understanding among you? Let them show it(CT) by their good life, by deeds(CU) done in the humility that comes from wisdom. 14 But if you harbor bitter envy and selfish ambition(CV) in your hearts, do not boast about it or deny the truth.(CW) 15 Such “wisdom” does not come down from heaven(CX) but is earthly, unspiritual, demonic.(CY) 16 For where you have envy and selfish ambition,(CZ) there you find disorder and every evil practice.

17 But the wisdom that comes from heaven(DA) is first of all pure; then peace-loving,(DB) considerate, submissive, full of mercy(DC) and good fruit, impartial and sincere.(DD) 18 Peacemakers(DE) who sow in peace reap a harvest of righteousness.(DF)

Submit Yourselves to God

What causes fights and quarrels(DG) among you? Don’t they come from your desires that battle(DH) within you? You desire but do not have, so you kill.(DI) You covet but you cannot get what you want, so you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask God. When you ask, you do not receive,(DJ) because you ask with wrong motives,(DK) that you may spend what you get on your pleasures.

You adulterous(DL) people,[g] don’t you know that friendship with the world(DM) means enmity against God?(DN) Therefore, anyone who chooses to be a friend of the world becomes an enemy of God.(DO) Or do you think Scripture says without reason that he jealously longs for the spirit he has caused to dwell in us[h]?(DP) But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:

“God opposes the proud
    but shows favor to the humble.”[i](DQ)

Submit yourselves, then, to God. Resist the devil,(DR) and he will flee from you. Come near to God and he will come near to you.(DS) Wash your hands,(DT) you sinners, and purify your hearts,(DU) you double-minded.(DV) Grieve, mourn and wail. Change your laughter to mourning and your joy to gloom.(DW) 10 Humble yourselves before the Lord, and he will lift you up.(DX)

11 Brothers and sisters, do not slander one another.(DY) Anyone who speaks against a brother or sister[j] or judges them(DZ) speaks against the law(EA) and judges it. When you judge the law, you are not keeping it,(EB) but sitting in judgment on it. 12 There is only one Lawgiver and Judge,(EC) the one who is able to save and destroy.(ED) But you—who are you to judge your neighbor?(EE)

Boasting About Tomorrow

13 Now listen,(EF) you who say, “Today or tomorrow we will go to this or that city, spend a year there, carry on business and make money.”(EG) 14 Why, you do not even know what will happen tomorrow. What is your life? You are a mist that appears for a little while and then vanishes.(EH) 15 Instead, you ought to say, “If it is the Lord’s will,(EI) we will live and do this or that.” 16 As it is, you boast in your arrogant schemes. All such boasting is evil.(EJ) 17 If anyone, then, knows the good they ought to do and doesn’t do it, it is sin for them.(EK)

Warning to Rich Oppressors

Now listen,(EL) you rich people,(EM) weep and wail(EN) because of the misery that is coming on you. Your wealth has rotted, and moths have eaten your clothes.(EO) Your gold and silver are corroded. Their corrosion will testify against you and eat your flesh like fire. You have hoarded wealth in the last days.(EP) Look! The wages you failed to pay the workers(EQ) who mowed your fields are crying out against you. The cries(ER) of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord Almighty.(ES) You have lived on earth in luxury and self-indulgence. You have fattened yourselves(ET) in the day of slaughter.[k](EU) You have condemned and murdered(EV) the innocent one,(EW) who was not opposing you.

Patience in Suffering

Be patient, then, brothers and sisters, until the Lord’s coming.(EX) See how the farmer waits for the land to yield its valuable crop, patiently waiting(EY) for the autumn and spring rains.(EZ) You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming(FA) is near.(FB) Don’t grumble against one another, brothers and sisters,(FC) or you will be judged. The Judge(FD) is standing at the door!(FE)

10 Brothers and sisters, as an example of patience in the face of suffering, take the prophets(FF) who spoke in the name of the Lord. 11 As you know, we count as blessed(FG) those who have persevered. You have heard of Job’s perseverance(FH) and have seen what the Lord finally brought about.(FI) The Lord is full of compassion and mercy.(FJ)

12 Above all, my brothers and sisters, do not swear—not by heaven or by earth or by anything else. All you need to say is a simple “Yes” or “No.” Otherwise you will be condemned.(FK)

The Prayer of Faith

13 Is anyone among you in trouble? Let them pray.(FL) Is anyone happy? Let them sing songs of praise.(FM) 14 Is anyone among you sick? Let them call the elders(FN) of the church to pray over them and anoint them with oil(FO) in the name of the Lord. 15 And the prayer offered in faith(FP) will make the sick person well; the Lord will raise them up. If they have sinned, they will be forgiven. 16 Therefore confess your sins(FQ) to each other and pray for each other so that you may be healed.(FR) The prayer of a righteous person is powerful and effective.(FS)

17 Elijah was a human being, even as we are.(FT) He prayed earnestly that it would not rain, and it did not rain on the land for three and a half years.(FU) 18 Again he prayed, and the heavens gave rain, and the earth produced its crops.(FV)

19 My brothers and sisters, if one of you should wander from the truth(FW) and someone should bring that person back,(FX) 20 remember this: Whoever turns a sinner from the error of their way will save(FY) them from death and cover over a multitude of sins.(FZ)

Footnotes

  1. James 1:2 The Greek word for brothers and sisters (adelphoi) refers here to believers, both men and women, as part of God’s family; also in verses 16 and 19; and in 2:1, 5, 14; 3:10, 12; 4:11; 5:7, 9, 10, 12, 19.
  2. James 2:8 Lev. 19:18
  3. James 2:11 Exodus 20:14; Deut. 5:18
  4. James 2:11 Exodus 20:13; Deut. 5:17
  5. James 2:20 Some early manuscripts dead
  6. James 2:23 Gen. 15:6
  7. James 4:4 An allusion to covenant unfaithfulness; see Hosea 3:1.
  8. James 4:5 Or that the spirit he caused to dwell in us envies intensely; or that the Spirit he caused to dwell in us longs jealously
  9. James 4:6 Prov. 3:34
  10. James 4:11 The Greek word for brother or sister (adelphos) refers here to a believer, whether man or woman, as part of God’s family.
  11. James 5:5 Or yourselves as in a day of feasting

Greeting to the Twelve Tribes

James, (A)a bondservant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ,

To the twelve tribes which are scattered abroad:

Greetings.

Profiting from Trials

My brethren, (B)count it all joy (C)when you fall into various trials, (D)knowing that the testing of your faith produces [a]patience. But let patience have its perfect work, that you may be [b]perfect and complete, lacking nothing. (E)If any of you lacks wisdom, (F)let him ask of God, who gives to all liberally and without reproach, and (G)it will be given to him. (H)But let him ask in faith, with no doubting, for he who doubts is like a wave of the sea driven and tossed by the wind. For let not that man suppose that he will receive anything from the Lord; he is (I)a double-minded man, unstable in all his ways.

The Perspective of Rich and Poor

Let the lowly brother glory in his exaltation, 10 but the rich in his humiliation, because (J)as a flower of the field he will pass away. 11 For no sooner has the sun risen with a burning heat than it withers the grass; its flower falls, and its beautiful appearance perishes. So the rich man also will fade away in his pursuits.

Loving God Under Trials

12 (K)Blessed is the man who endures temptation; for when he has been approved, he will receive (L)the crown of life (M)which the Lord has promised to those who love Him. 13 Let no one say when he is tempted, “I am tempted by God”; for God cannot be tempted by evil, nor does He Himself tempt anyone. 14 But each one is tempted when he is drawn away by his own desires and enticed. 15 Then, (N)when desire has conceived, it gives birth to sin; and sin, when it is full-grown, (O)brings forth death.

16 Do not be deceived, my beloved brethren. 17 (P)Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and comes down from the Father of lights, (Q)with whom there is no variation or shadow of turning. 18 (R)Of His own will He brought us forth by the (S)word of truth, (T)that we might be a kind of firstfruits of His creatures.

Qualities Needed in Trials

19 [c]So then, my beloved brethren, let every man be swift to hear, (U)slow to speak, (V)slow to wrath; 20 for the wrath of man does not produce the righteousness of God.

Doers—Not Hearers Only

21 Therefore (W)lay aside all filthiness and [d]overflow of wickedness, and receive with meekness the implanted word, (X)which is able to save your souls.

22 But (Y)be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves. 23 For (Z)if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man observing his natural face in a mirror; 24 for he observes himself, goes away, and immediately forgets what kind of man he was. 25 But (AA)he who looks into the perfect law of liberty and continues in it, and is not a forgetful hearer but a doer of the work, (AB)this one will be blessed in what he does.

26 If anyone [e]among you thinks he is religious, and (AC)does not bridle his tongue but deceives his own heart, this one’s religion is useless. 27 (AD)Pure and undefiled religion before God and the Father is this: (AE)to visit orphans and widows in their trouble, (AF)and to keep oneself unspotted from the world.

Beware of Personal Favoritism

My brethren, do not hold the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ, (AG)the Lord of glory, with (AH)partiality. For if there should come into your assembly a man with gold rings, in [f]fine apparel, and there should also come in a poor man in [g]filthy clothes, and you [h]pay attention to the one wearing the fine clothes and say to him, “You sit here in a good place,” and say to the poor man, “You stand there,” or, “Sit here at my footstool,” have you not [i]shown partiality among yourselves, and become judges with evil thoughts?

Listen, my beloved brethren: (AI)Has God not chosen the poor of this world to be (AJ)rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom (AK)which He promised to those who love Him? But (AL)you have dishonored the poor man. Do not the rich oppress you (AM)and drag you into the courts? Do they not blaspheme that noble name by which you are (AN)called?

If you really fulfill the royal law according to the Scripture, (AO)“You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” you do well; but if you [j]show partiality, you commit sin, and are convicted by the law as (AP)transgressors. 10 For whoever shall keep the whole law, and yet (AQ)stumble in one point, (AR)he is guilty of all. 11 For He who said, (AS)“Do not commit adultery,” also said, (AT)“Do not murder.” Now if you do not commit adultery, but you do murder, you have become a transgressor of the law. 12 So speak and so do as those who will be judged by (AU)the law of liberty. 13 For (AV)judgment is without mercy to the one who has shown (AW)no (AX)mercy. (AY)Mercy triumphs over judgment.

Faith Without Works Is Dead(AZ)

14 (BA)What does it profit, my brethren, if someone says he has faith but does not have works? Can faith save him? 15 (BB)If a brother or sister is naked and destitute of daily food, 16 and (BC)one of you says to them, “Depart in peace, be warmed and filled,” but you do not give them the things which are needed for the body, what does it profit? 17 Thus also faith by itself, if it does not have works, is dead.

18 But someone will say, “You have faith, and I have works.” (BD)Show me your faith without [k]your works, (BE)and I will show you my faith by [l]my works. 19 You believe that there is one God. You do well. Even the demons believe—and tremble! 20 But do you want to know, O foolish man, that faith without works is [m]dead? 21 Was not Abraham our father justified by works (BF)when he offered Isaac his son on the altar? 22 Do you see (BG)that faith was working together with his works, and by (BH)works faith was made [n]perfect? 23 And the Scripture was fulfilled which says, (BI)“Abraham believed God, and it was [o]accounted to him for righteousness.” And he was called (BJ)the friend of God. 24 You see then that a man is justified by works, and not by faith only.

25 Likewise, (BK)was not Rahab the harlot also justified by works when she received the messengers and sent them out another way?

26 For as the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is dead also.

The Untamable Tongue

My brethren, (BL)let not many of you become teachers, (BM)knowing that we shall receive a stricter judgment. For (BN)we all stumble in many things. (BO)If anyone does not stumble in word, (BP)he is a [p]perfect man, able also to bridle the whole body. [q]Indeed, (BQ)we put bits in horses’ mouths that they may obey us, and we turn their whole body. Look also at ships: although they are so large and are driven by fierce winds, they are turned by a very small rudder wherever the pilot desires. Even so (BR)the tongue is a little member and (BS)boasts great things.

See how great a forest a little fire kindles! And (BT)the tongue is a fire, a world of [r]iniquity. The tongue is so set among our members that it (BU)defiles the whole body, and sets on fire the course of [s]nature; and it is set on fire by [t]hell. For every kind of beast and bird, of reptile and creature of the sea, is tamed and has been tamed by mankind. But no man can tame the tongue. It is an unruly evil, (BV)full of deadly poison. With it we bless our God and Father, and with it we curse men, who have been made (BW)in the [u]similitude of God. 10 Out of the same mouth proceed blessing and cursing. My brethren, these things ought not to be so. 11 Does a spring send forth fresh water and bitter from the same opening? 12 Can a (BX)fig tree, my brethren, bear olives, or a grapevine bear figs? [v]Thus no spring yields both salt water and fresh.

Heavenly Versus Demonic Wisdom

13 (BY)Who is wise and understanding among you? Let him show by good conduct that his works are done in the meekness of wisdom. 14 But if you have (BZ)bitter envy and [w]self-seeking in your hearts, (CA)do not boast and lie against the truth. 15 (CB)This wisdom does not descend from above, but is earthly, sensual, demonic. 16 For (CC)where envy and self-seeking exist, confusion and every evil thing are there. 17 But (CD)the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, willing to yield, full of mercy and good fruits, (CE)without partiality (CF)and without hypocrisy. 18 (CG)Now the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace by those who make peace.

Pride Promotes Strife

Where do [x]wars and fights come from among you? Do they not come from your desires for pleasure (CH)that war in your members? You lust and do not have. You murder and covet and cannot obtain. You fight and [y]war. [z]Yet you do not have because you do not ask. (CI)You ask and do not receive, (CJ)because you ask amiss, that you may spend it on your pleasures. [aa]Adulterers and adulteresses! Do you not know that (CK)friendship with the world is enmity with God? (CL)Whoever therefore wants to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God. Or do you think that the Scripture says in vain, (CM)“The Spirit who dwells in us yearns jealously”?

But He gives more grace. Therefore He says:

(CN)“God resists the proud,
But gives grace to the humble.”

Humility Cures Worldliness

Therefore submit to God. (CO)Resist the devil and he will flee from you. (CP)Draw near to God and He will draw near to you. (CQ)Cleanse your hands, you sinners; and (CR)purify your hearts, you double-minded. (CS)Lament and mourn and weep! Let your laughter be turned to mourning and your joy to gloom. 10 (CT)Humble yourselves in the sight of the Lord, and He will lift you up.

Do Not Judge a Brother

11 (CU)Do not speak evil of one another, brethren. He who speaks evil of a brother (CV)and judges his brother, speaks evil of the law and judges the law. But if you judge the law, you are not a doer of the law but a judge. 12 There is one [ab]Lawgiver, (CW)who is able to save and to destroy. (CX)Who[ac] are you to judge [ad]another?

Do Not Boast About Tomorrow

13 Come now, you who say, “Today or tomorrow [ae]we will go to such and such a city, spend a year there, buy and sell, and make a profit”; 14 whereas you do not know what will happen tomorrow. For what is your life? (CY)It is even a vapor that appears for a little time and then vanishes away. 15 Instead you ought to say, (CZ)“If the Lord wills, we shall live and do this or that.” 16 But now you boast in your arrogance. (DA)All such boasting is evil.

17 Therefore, (DB)to him who knows to do good and does not do it, to him it is sin.

Rich Oppressors Will Be Judged

Come now, you (DC)rich, weep and howl for your miseries that are coming upon you! Your (DD)riches [af]are corrupted, and (DE)your garments are moth-eaten. Your gold and silver are corroded, and their corrosion will be a witness against you and will eat your flesh like fire. (DF)You have heaped up treasure in the last days. Indeed (DG)the wages of the laborers who mowed your fields, which you kept back by fraud, cry out; and (DH)the cries of the reapers have reached the ears of the Lord of [ag]Sabaoth. You have lived on the earth in pleasure and [ah]luxury; you have [ai]fattened your hearts [aj]as in a day of slaughter. You have condemned, you have murdered the just; he does not resist you.

Be Patient and Persevering

Therefore be patient, brethren, until the coming of the Lord. See how the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth, waiting patiently for it until it receives the early and latter rain. You also be patient. Establish your hearts, for the coming of the Lord [ak]is at hand.

Do not [al]grumble against one another, brethren, lest you be [am]condemned. Behold, the Judge is standing at the door! 10 (DI)My brethren, take the prophets, who spoke in the name of the Lord, as an example of suffering and (DJ)patience. 11 Indeed (DK)we count them blessed who (DL)endure. You have heard of (DM)the perseverance of Job and seen (DN)the end intended by the Lord—that (DO)the Lord is very compassionate and merciful.

12 But above all, my brethren, (DP)do not swear, either by heaven or by earth or with any other oath. But let your “Yes” be “Yes,” and your “No,” “No,” lest you fall into [an]judgment.

Meeting Specific Needs(DQ)

13 Is anyone among you suffering? Let him (DR)pray. Is anyone cheerful? (DS)Let him sing psalms. 14 Is anyone among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, (DT)anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord. 15 And the prayer of faith will save the sick, and the Lord will raise him up. (DU)And if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven. 16 [ao]Confess your trespasses to one another, and pray for one another, that you may be healed. (DV)The effective, [ap]fervent prayer of a righteous man avails much. 17 Elijah was a man (DW)with a nature like ours, and (DX)he prayed earnestly that it would not rain; and it did not rain on the land for three years and six months. 18 And he prayed (DY)again, and the heaven gave rain, and the earth produced its fruit.

Bring Back the Erring One

19 Brethren, if anyone among you wanders from the truth, and someone (DZ)turns him back, 20 let him know that he who turns a sinner from the error of his way (EA)will save [aq]a soul from death and (EB)cover a multitude of sins.

Footnotes

  1. James 1:3 endurance or perseverance
  2. James 1:4 mature
  3. James 1:19 NU Know this or This you know
  4. James 1:21 abundance
  5. James 1:26 NU omits among you
  6. James 2:2 bright
  7. James 2:2 vile
  8. James 2:3 Lit. look upon
  9. James 2:4 differentiated
  10. James 2:9 Lit. receive the face
  11. James 2:18 NU omits your
  12. James 2:18 NU omits my
  13. James 2:20 NU useless
  14. James 2:22 complete
  15. James 2:23 credited
  16. James 3:2 mature
  17. James 3:3 NU Now if
  18. James 3:6 unrighteousness
  19. James 3:6 existence
  20. James 3:6 Gr. Gehenna
  21. James 3:9 likeness
  22. James 3:12 NU Neither can a salty spring produce fresh water.
  23. James 3:14 selfish ambition
  24. James 4:1 battles
  25. James 4:2 battle
  26. James 4:2 NU, M omit Yet
  27. James 4:4 NU omits Adulterers and
  28. James 4:12 NU adds and Judge
  29. James 4:12 NU, M But who
  30. James 4:12 NU a neighbor
  31. James 4:13 M let us
  32. James 5:2 have rotted
  33. James 5:4 Lit., in Heb., Hosts
  34. James 5:5 indulgence
  35. James 5:5 Lit. nourished
  36. James 5:5 NU omits as
  37. James 5:8 has drawn near
  38. James 5:9 Lit. groan
  39. James 5:9 NU, M judged
  40. James 5:12 M hypocrisy
  41. James 5:16 NU Therefore confess your sins
  42. James 5:16 supplication
  43. James 5:20 NU his soul

The Testing of Your Faith

[a](A)James, a (B)bond-servant of God and (C)of the Lord Jesus Christ,

To (D)the twelve tribes who are [b](E)dispersed abroad: (F)Greetings.

(G)Consider it all joy, my brothers and sisters, when you encounter (H)various [c]trials, knowing that (I)the testing of your (J)faith produces [d](K)endurance. And let [e](L)endurance have its perfect [f]result, so that you may be [g](M)perfect and complete, lacking in nothing.

But if any of you (N)lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all generously and [h]without reproach, and (O)it will be given to him. But he must (P)ask in faith (Q)without any doubting, for the one who doubts is like the surf of the sea, (R)driven and tossed by the wind. For that person ought not to expect that he will receive anything from the Lord, being a (S)[i]double-minded man, (T)unstable in all his ways.

(U)Now the brother or sister of humble circumstances is to glory in his high position; 10 but the rich person is to glory in his [j]humiliation, because (V)like [k]flowering grass he will pass away. 11 For the sun rises with (W)its scorching heat and (X)withers the grass; and its flower falls off and the beauty of its appearance is destroyed; so also the rich person, in the midst of his pursuits, will die out.

12 (Y)Blessed is a man who perseveres under trial; for once he has [l]been approved, he will receive (Z)the crown of life which the Lord (AA)has promised to those who (AB)love Him. 13 No one is to say when he is tempted, “(AC)I am being tempted [m]by God”; for God cannot be tempted [n]by evil, and He Himself does not tempt anyone. 14 But each one is tempted when he is carried away and enticed by his own lust. 15 Then (AD)when lust has conceived, it gives birth to sin; and (AE)sin, when it has run its course, brings forth death. 16 (AF)Do not be [o]deceived, (AG)my beloved brothers and sisters. 17 Every good thing given and every perfect gift is (AH)from above, coming down from (AI)the Father of lights, (AJ)with whom there is no variation or [p]shifting shadow. 18 In the exercise of (AK)His will He (AL)gave us birth by (AM)the word of truth, so that we would be [q]a kind of (AN)first fruits [r]among His creatures.

19 [s](AO)You know this, (AP)my beloved brothers and sisters. Now everyone must be quick to hear, (AQ)slow to speak, and (AR)slow to anger; 20 for a man’s (AS)anger does not bring about the righteousness of God. 21 Therefore, (AT)ridding yourselves of all filthiness and all [t]that remains of wickedness, in [u]humility receive (AU)the word implanted, which is able to save your souls. 22 (AV)But prove yourselves doers of the word, and not just hearers who deceive themselves. 23 For if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man who looks at his [v]natural face (AW)in a mirror; 24 for once he has looked at himself and gone away, [w]he has immediately forgotten what kind of person he was. 25 But one who has looked intently at the perfect law, (AX)the law of freedom, and has continued in it, not having become a forgetful hearer but [x]an active doer, this person will be (AY)blessed in [y]what he does.

26 If anyone thinks himself to be religious, yet does not [z](AZ)bridle his tongue but deceives his own heart, this person’s religion is worthless. 27 Pure and undefiled religion (BA)in the sight of our God and Father is this: to (BB)visit (BC)orphans and widows in their distress, and to keep oneself unstained [aa]by (BD)the world.

The Sin of Partiality

(BE)My brothers and sisters, (BF)do not hold your faith in our (BG)glorious Lord Jesus Christ with an attitude of (BH)personal favoritism. For if a man comes into your [ab]assembly with a gold ring and is dressed in (BI)bright clothes, and a poor man in (BJ)dirty clothes also comes in, and you [ac]pay special attention to the one who is wearing the (BK)bright clothes, and say, “You sit here in a good place,” and you say to the poor man, “You stand over there, or sit down by my footstool,” have you not made distinctions among yourselves, and become judges (BL)with evil [ad]motives? Listen, (BM)my beloved brothers and sisters: did (BN)God not choose the poor [ae]of this world to be (BO)rich in faith and (BP)heirs of the kingdom which He (BQ)promised to those who love Him? But you have dishonored the poor man. Is it not the rich who oppress you and [af]personally (BR)drag you into [ag]court? (BS)Do they not blaspheme the good name [ah]by which you have been called?

If, however, you (BT)are fulfilling the [ai]royal law according to the Scripture, “(BU)You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” you are doing well. But if you (BV)show partiality, you are committing sin and are convicted by the Law as violators. 10 For whoever keeps the whole Law, yet (BW)stumbles in one point, has become (BX)guilty of all. 11 For He who said, “(BY)Do not commit adultery,” also said, “(BZ)Do not murder.” Now if you do not commit adultery, but do murder, you have become a violator of the Law. 12 So speak, and so act, as those who are to be judged by (CA)the law of freedom. 13 For (CB)judgment will be merciless to one who has shown no mercy; mercy [aj]triumphs over judgment.

Faith and Works

14 (CC)What use is it, (CD)my brothers and sisters, if someone says he has faith, but he has no works? Can [ak]that faith save him? 15 (CE)If a brother or sister is without clothing and in need of daily food, 16 and one of you says to them, “(CF)Go in peace, [al]be warmed and be filled,” yet you do not give them what is necessary for their body, what use is that? 17 In the same way, (CG)faith also, if it has no works, is [am]dead, being by itself.

18 (CH)But someone [an]may well say, “You have faith and I have works; show me your (CI)faith without the works, and I will (CJ)show you my faith (CK)by my works.” 19 You believe that [ao](CL)God is one. (CM)You do well; (CN)the demons also believe, and shudder. 20 But are you willing to acknowledge, (CO)you foolish person, that (CP)faith without works is useless? 21 (CQ)Was our father Abraham not justified by works when he offered up his son Isaac on the altar? 22 You see that (CR)faith was working with his works, and [ap]as a result of the (CS)works, faith was [aq]perfected; 23 and the Scripture was fulfilled which says, “(CT)And Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness,” and he was called a (CU)friend of God. 24 You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone. 25 In the same way, was (CV)Rahab the prostitute not justified by works also (CW)when she received the messengers and sent them out by another way? 26 For just as the body without the spirit is dead, so also (CX)faith without works is dead.

The Tongue Is a Fire

(CY)Do not become teachers in large numbers, (CZ)my brothers, since you know that we who are teachers will incur a [ar]stricter judgment. For we all (DA)stumble in many ways. (DB)If anyone does not stumble in [as]what he says, he is a (DC)perfect man, able to [at](DD)rein in the whole body as well. Now (DE)if we put the bits into the horses’ mouths so that they will obey us, we direct their whole body as well. Look at the ships too: though they are so large and are driven by strong winds, they are nevertheless directed by a very small rudder wherever the inclination of the pilot determines. So also the tongue is a small part of the body, and yet it (DF)boasts of great things.

(DG)See how great a forest is set aflame by such a small fire! And (DH)the tongue is a fire, the very world of unrighteousness; the tongue is set among [au]our body’s parts as that which (DI)defiles the whole body and sets on fire the course of our [av]life, and is set on fire by [aw](DJ)hell. For every [ax]species of beasts and birds, of reptiles and creatures of the sea, is tamed and has been tamed by the human [ay]race. But no one among mankind can tame the tongue; it is a restless evil, full of (DK)deadly poison. With it we bless (DL)our Lord and Father, and with it we curse people, (DM)who have been made in the likeness of God; 10 from the same mouth come both blessing and cursing. My brothers and sisters, these things should not be this way. 11 Does a spring send out from the same opening both [az]fresh and bitter water? 12 (DN)Can a fig tree, my brothers and sisters, bear olives, or a vine bear figs? Nor can salt water produce [ba]fresh.

Wisdom from Above

13 Who among you is wise and understanding? (DO)Let him show by his (DP)good behavior his deeds in the gentleness of wisdom. 14 But if you have bitter (DQ)jealousy and [bb]selfish ambition in your heart, do not be arrogant and so lie against (DR)the truth. 15 This wisdom is not that which comes down (DS)from above, but is (DT)earthly, [bc](DU)natural, (DV)demonic. 16 For where (DW)jealousy and [bd]selfish ambition exist, [be]there is disorder and every evil thing. 17 But the wisdom (DX)from above is first (DY)pure, then (DZ)peace-loving, (EA)gentle, [bf]reasonable, (EB)full of mercy and good fruits, [bg](EC)impartial, free of (ED)hypocrisy. 18 And the (EE)fruit of righteousness is sown in peace [bh]by those who make peace.

Things to Avoid

[bi]What is the source of quarrels and (EF)conflicts among you? [bj]Is the source not your pleasures that wage (EG)war in [bk]your body’s parts? You lust and do not have, so you (EH)commit murder. And you are envious and cannot obtain, so you fight and quarrel. You do not have because you do not ask. You ask and (EI)do not receive, because you ask [bl]with the wrong motives, so that you may spend what you request [bm]on your pleasures. You (EJ)adulteresses, do you not know that friendship with (EK)the world is (EL)hostility toward God? (EM)Therefore whoever wants to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God. Or do you think that the Scripture (EN)says to no purpose, “[bn]He [bo]jealously desires (EO)the Spirit whom He has made to dwell in us”? But (EP)He gives a greater grace. Therefore it says, “(EQ)God is opposed to the proud, but gives grace to the humble.” (ER)Submit therefore to God. But [bp](ES)resist the devil, and he will flee from you. (ET)Come close to God and He will come close to you. (EU)Cleanse your hands, you sinners; and (EV)purify your hearts, you (EW)[bq]double-minded. (EX)Be miserable, and mourn, and weep; let your laughter be turned into mourning, and your joy into gloom. 10 (EY)Humble yourselves in the presence of the Lord, and He will exalt you.

11 (EZ)Do not speak against one another, (FA)brothers and sisters. The one who speaks against a brother or sister, or (FB)judges his brother or sister, speaks against (FC)the law and judges the law; but if you judge the law, you are not (FD)a doer of the law but a judge of it. 12 There is only one (FE)Lawgiver and Judge, the One who is (FF)able to save and to destroy; but (FG)who are you, [br]judging your neighbor?

13 (FH)Come now, you who say, “(FI)Today or tomorrow we will go to such and such a city, and spend a year there and engage in business and make a profit.” 14 [bs]Yet you do not know [bt]what your life will be like tomorrow. (FJ)For you are just a vapor that appears for a little while, and then vanishes away. 15 [bu]Instead, you ought to say, “(FK)If the Lord wills, we will live and also do this or that.” 16 But as it is, you boast in your [bv]arrogance; (FL)all such boasting is evil. 17 So (FM)for one who knows the [bw]right thing to do and does not do it, for him it is sin.

Misuse of Riches

(FN)Come now, (FO)you rich people, (FP)weep and howl for your miseries which are coming upon you. (FQ)Your riches have rotted and your garments have become moth-eaten. Your gold and your silver have corroded, and their corrosion will [bx]serve as a testimony against you and will consume your flesh like fire. It is (FR)in the last days that you have stored up your treasure! Behold, (FS)the pay of the laborers who mowed your fields, and which has been withheld by you, cries out against you; and (FT)the outcry of those who did the harvesting has reached the ears of (FU)the Lord [by]of armies. You have [bz](FV)lived for pleasure on the earth and lived luxuriously; you have [ca]fattened your hearts in (FW)a day of slaughter. You have condemned and [cb](FX)put to death (FY)the righteous person; he offers you no resistance.

Exhortation

Therefore be patient, (FZ)brothers and sisters, (GA)until the coming of the Lord. (GB)The farmer waits for the precious produce of the soil, being patient about it, until [cc]it gets (GC)the early and late rains. (GD)You too be patient; (GE)strengthen your hearts, for (GF)the coming of the Lord is (GG)near. (GH)Do not [cd]complain, (GI)brothers and sisters, against one another, so that you may not be judged; behold, (GJ)the Judge is standing [ce](GK)right at the [cf]door. 10 As an example, (GL)brothers and sisters, of suffering and patience, take (GM)the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord. 11 We count those (GN)blessed who endured. You have heard of (GO)the [cg]endurance of Job and have seen (GP)the [ch]outcome of the Lord’s dealings, that (GQ)the Lord is full of compassion and is merciful.

12 But above all, (GR)my brothers and sisters, (GS)do not swear, either by heaven or by earth or with any other oath; but [ci]your yes is to be yes, and your no, no, so that you do not fall under judgment.

13 Is anyone among you (GT)suffering? (GU)Then he must pray. Is anyone cheerful? He is to (GV)sing praises. 14 Is anyone among you sick? Then he must call for (GW)the elders of the church and they are to pray over him, [cj](GX)anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord; 15 and the (GY)prayer of faith will [ck](GZ)restore the one who is sick, and the Lord will (HA)raise him up, and if he has committed sins, [cl]they will be forgiven him. 16 Therefore, (HB)confess your sins to one another, and pray for one another so that you may be (HC)healed. (HD)A [cm]prayer of a righteous person, when it is [cn]brought about, can accomplish much. 17 Elijah was (HE)a man with a nature like ours, and (HF)he prayed [co]earnestly that it would not rain, and it did not rain on the earth for (HG)three years and six months. 18 Then he (HH)prayed again, and (HI)the sky [cp]poured rain and the earth produced its fruit.

19 My brothers and sisters, (HJ)if anyone among you strays from (HK)the truth and someone turns him back, 20 let him know that the one who has turned a sinner from the error of his way will (HL)save his soul from death and (HM)cover a multitude of sins.

Footnotes

  1. James 1:1 Or Jacob
  2. James 1:1 Lit in the Dispersion
  3. James 1:2 Or temptations
  4. James 1:3 Or steadfastness
  5. James 1:4 Or steadfastness
  6. James 1:4 Lit work
  7. James 1:4 Or mature
  8. James 1:5 Lit does not reproach
  9. James 1:8 I.e., a chronic doubter
  10. James 1:10 Or downfall
  11. James 1:10 Lit the flower of the grass
  12. James 1:12 Or passed the test
  13. James 1:13 Lit from
  14. James 1:13 Lit of evil things
  15. James 1:16 Or misled
  16. James 1:17 Lit shadow of turning
  17. James 1:18 Or a certain first fruits
  18. James 1:18 Lit of
  19. James 1:19 Or Know this
  20. James 1:21 Lit abundance of malice
  21. James 1:21 Or gentleness
  22. James 1:23 Lit the face of his birth; or nature
  23. James 1:24 Lit and he
  24. James 1:25 Lit a doer of a work
  25. James 1:25 Lit his doing
  26. James 1:26 Or control
  27. James 1:27 Lit from
  28. James 2:2 Or synagogue
  29. James 2:3 Lit look at
  30. James 2:4 Lit reasonings
  31. James 2:5 Lit to the
  32. James 2:6 Lit they themselves
  33. James 2:6 Lit courts
  34. James 2:7 Lit which has been called upon you
  35. James 2:8 Or law of our King
  36. James 2:13 Lit boasts against
  37. James 2:14 Lit the
  38. James 2:16 Or warm yourselves and fill yourselves
  39. James 2:17 Or dead by its own standards
  40. James 2:18 Lit will
  41. James 2:19 One early ms there is one God
  42. James 2:22 Or by the deeds
  43. James 2:22 Or completed
  44. James 3:1 Or greater condemnation; i.e., for erroneous doctrine
  45. James 3:2 Lit word
  46. James 3:2 Or hold in check
  47. James 3:6 Lit our parts
  48. James 3:6 Or existence, origin
  49. James 3:6 Gr Gehenna
  50. James 3:7 Lit nature
  51. James 3:7 Lit nature
  52. James 3:11 Lit sweet
  53. James 3:12 Lit sweet
  54. James 3:14 Or strife
  55. James 3:15 Or unspiritual
  56. James 3:16 Or strife
  57. James 3:16 I.e., in that place
  58. James 3:17 Or willing to yield
  59. James 3:17 Or unwavering
  60. James 3:18 Or for
  61. James 4:1 Lit From where wars and from where fightings
  62. James 4:1 Lit Are they not from here, from your
  63. James 4:1 Lit your parts
  64. James 4:3 Lit wrongly
  65. James 4:3 Lit in
  66. James 4:5 Or The spirit which He has made to dwell in us lusts with envy
  67. James 4:5 Lit desires to jealousy
  68. James 4:7 Or oppose
  69. James 4:8 I.e., chronic doubters
  70. James 4:12 Lit the one judging
  71. James 4:14 Lit Who do not
  72. James 4:14 Or what will happen tomorrow. What kind of life is yours?
  73. James 4:15 Lit Instead of your saying
  74. James 4:16 Or pretensions
  75. James 4:17 Or good
  76. James 5:3 Lit be for
  77. James 5:4 Gr sabaoth, for Heb tsebaoth
  78. James 5:5 Or led a life of self-indulgence
  79. James 5:5 Lit nourished
  80. James 5:6 Or murdered
  81. James 5:7 Or he
  82. James 5:9 Lit groan
  83. James 5:9 Lit before
  84. James 5:9 Lit doors
  85. James 5:11 Or steadfastness
  86. James 5:11 Lit end of the Lord
  87. James 5:12 Lit yours is to be yes, yes, and no, no
  88. James 5:14 Lit having anointed
  89. James 5:15 Lit save
  90. James 5:15 Lit it
  91. James 5:16 Or supplication
  92. James 5:16 I.e., granted by God
  93. James 5:17 Lit with prayer
  94. James 5:18 Lit gave

I, James, am a slave of God and the Master Jesus, writing to the twelve tribes scattered to Kingdom Come: Hello!

Faith Under Pressure

2-4 Consider it a sheer gift, friends, when tests and challenges come at you from all sides. You know that under pressure, your faith-life is forced into the open and shows its true colors. So don’t try to get out of anything prematurely. Let it do its work so you become mature and well-developed, not deficient in any way.

5-8 If you don’t know what you’re doing, pray to the Father. He loves to help. You’ll get his help, and won’t be condescended to when you ask for it. Ask boldly, believingly, without a second thought. People who “worry their prayers” are like wind-whipped waves. Don’t think you’re going to get anything from the Master that way, adrift at sea, keeping all your options open.

9-11 When down-and-outers get a break, cheer! And when the arrogant rich are brought down to size, cheer! Prosperity is as short-lived as a wildflower, so don’t ever count on it. You know that as soon as the sun rises, pouring down its scorching heat, the flower withers. Its petals wilt and, before you know it, that beautiful face is a barren stem. Well, that’s a picture of the “prosperous life.” At the very moment everyone is looking on in admiration, it fades away to nothing.

12 Anyone who meets a testing challenge head-on and manages to stick it out is mighty fortunate. For such persons loyally in love with God, the reward is life and more life.

13-15 Don’t let anyone under pressure to give in to evil say, “God is trying to trip me up.” God is impervious to evil, and puts evil in no one’s way. The temptation to give in to evil comes from us and only us. We have no one to blame but the leering, seducing flare-up of our own lust. Lust gets pregnant, and has a baby: sin! Sin grows up to adulthood, and becomes a real killer.

16-18 So, my very dear friends, don’t get thrown off course. Every desirable and beneficial gift comes out of heaven. The gifts are rivers of light cascading down from the Father of Light. There is nothing deceitful in God, nothing two-faced, nothing fickle. He brought us to life using the true Word, showing us off as the crown of all his creatures.

Act on What You Hear

19-21 Post this at all the intersections, dear friends: Lead with your ears, follow up with your tongue, and let anger straggle along in the rear. God’s righteousness doesn’t grow from human anger. So throw all spoiled virtue and cancerous evil in the garbage. In simple humility, let our gardener, God, landscape you with the Word, making a salvation-garden of your life.

22-24 Don’t fool yourself into thinking that you are a listener when you are anything but, letting the Word go in one ear and out the other. Act on what you hear! Those who hear and don’t act are like those who glance in the mirror, walk away, and two minutes later have no idea who they are, what they look like.

25 But whoever catches a glimpse of the revealed counsel of God—the free life!—even out of the corner of his eye, and sticks with it, is no distracted scatterbrain but a man or woman of action. That person will find delight and affirmation in the action.

26-27 Anyone who sets himself up as “religious” by talking a good game is self-deceived. This kind of religion is hot air and only hot air. Real religion, the kind that passes muster before God the Father, is this: Reach out to the homeless and loveless in their plight, and guard against corruption from the godless world.

The Royal Rule of Love

1-4 My dear friends, don’t let public opinion influence how you live out our glorious, Christ-originated faith. If a man enters your church wearing an expensive suit, and a street person wearing rags comes in right after him, and you say to the man in the suit, “Sit here, sir; this is the best seat in the house!” and either ignore the street person or say, “Better sit here in the back row,” haven’t you segregated God’s children and proved that you are judges who can’t be trusted?

5-7 Listen, dear friends. Isn’t it clear by now that God operates quite differently? He chose the world’s down-and-out as the kingdom’s first citizens, with full rights and privileges. This kingdom is promised to anyone who loves God. And here you are abusing these same citizens! Isn’t it the high and mighty who exploit you, who use the courts to rob you blind? Aren’t they the ones who scorn the new name—“Christian”—used in your baptisms?

8-11 You do well when you complete the Royal Rule of the Scriptures: “Love others as you love yourself.” But if you play up to these so-called important people, you go against the Rule and stand convicted by it. You can’t pick and choose in these things, specializing in keeping one or two things in God’s law and ignoring others. The same God who said, “Don’t commit adultery,” also said, “Don’t murder.” If you don’t commit adultery but go ahead and murder, do you think your non-adultery will cancel out your murder? No, you’re a murderer, period.

12-13 Talk and act like a person expecting to be judged by the Rule that sets us free. For if you refuse to act kindly, you can hardly expect to be treated kindly. Kind mercy wins over harsh judgment every time.

Faith in Action

14-17 Dear friends, do you think you’ll get anywhere in this if you learn all the right words but never do anything? Does merely talking about faith indicate that a person really has it? For instance, you come upon an old friend dressed in rags and half-starved and say, “Good morning, friend! Be clothed in Christ! Be filled with the Holy Spirit!” and walk off without providing so much as a coat or a cup of soup—where does that get you? Isn’t it obvious that God-talk without God-acts is outrageous nonsense?

18 I can already hear one of you agreeing by saying, “Sounds good. You take care of the faith department, I’ll handle the works department.”

Not so fast. You can no more show me your works apart from your faith than I can show you my faith apart from my works. Faith and works, works and faith, fit together hand in glove.

19-20 Do I hear you professing to believe in the one and only God, but then observe you complacently sitting back as if you had done something wonderful? That’s just great. Demons do that, but what good does it do them? Use your heads! Do you suppose for a minute that you can cut faith and works in two and not end up with a corpse on your hands?

21-24 Wasn’t our ancestor Abraham “made right with God by works” when he placed his son Isaac on the sacrificial altar? Isn’t it obvious that faith and works are yoked partners, that faith expresses itself in works? That the works are “works of faith”? The full meaning of “believe” in the Scripture sentence, “Abraham believed God and was set right with God,” includes his action. It’s that weave of believing and acting that got Abraham named “God’s friend.” Is it not evident that a person is made right with God not by a barren faith but by faith fruitful in works?

25-26 The same with Rahab, the Jericho harlot. Wasn’t her action in hiding God’s spies and helping them escape—that seamless unity of believing and doing—what counted with God? The very moment you separate body and spirit, you end up with a corpse. Separate faith and works and you get the same thing: a corpse.

When You Open Your Mouth

1-2 Don’t be in any rush to become a teacher, my friends. Teaching is highly responsible work. Teachers are held to the strictest standards. And none of us is perfectly qualified. We get it wrong nearly every time we open our mouths. If you could find someone whose speech was perfectly true, you’d have a perfect person, in perfect control of life.

3-5 A bit in the mouth of a horse controls the whole horse. A small rudder on a huge ship in the hands of a skilled captain sets a course in the face of the strongest winds. A word out of your mouth may seem of no account, but it can accomplish nearly anything—or destroy it!

5-6 It only takes a spark, remember, to set off a forest fire. A careless or wrongly placed word out of your mouth can do that. By our speech we can ruin the world, turn harmony to chaos, throw mud on a reputation, send the whole world up in smoke and go up in smoke with it, smoke right from the pit of hell.

7-10 This is scary: You can tame a tiger, but you can’t tame a tongue—it’s never been done. The tongue runs wild, a wanton killer. With our tongues we bless God our Father; with the same tongues we curse the very men and women he made in his image. Curses and blessings out of the same mouth!

10-12 My friends, this can’t go on. A spring doesn’t gush fresh water one day and brackish the next, does it? Apple trees don’t bear strawberries, do they? Raspberry bushes don’t bear apples, do they? You’re not going to dip into a polluted mud hole and get a cup of clear, cool water, are you?

Live Well, Live Wisely

13-16 Do you want to be counted wise, to build a reputation for wisdom? Here’s what you do: Live well, live wisely, live humbly. It’s the way you live, not the way you talk, that counts. Mean-spirited ambition isn’t wisdom. Boasting that you are wise isn’t wisdom. Twisting the truth to make yourselves sound wise isn’t wisdom. It’s the furthest thing from wisdom—it’s animal cunning, devilish plotting. Whenever you’re trying to look better than others or get the better of others, things fall apart and everyone ends up at the others’ throats.

17-18 Real wisdom, God’s wisdom, begins with a holy life and is characterized by getting along with others. It is gentle and reasonable, overflowing with mercy and blessings, not hot one day and cold the next, not two-faced. You can develop a healthy, robust community that lives right with God and enjoy its results only if you do the hard work of getting along with each other, treating each other with dignity and honor.

Get Serious

1-2 Where do you think all these appalling wars and quarrels come from? Do you think they just happen? Think again. They come about because you want your own way, and fight for it deep inside yourselves. You lust for what you don’t have and are willing to kill to get it. You want what isn’t yours and will risk violence to get your hands on it.

2-3 You wouldn’t think of just asking God for it, would you? And why not? Because you know you’d be asking for what you have no right to. You’re spoiled children, each wanting your own way.

4-6 You’re cheating on God. If all you want is your own way, flirting with the world every chance you get, you end up enemies of God and his way. And do you suppose God doesn’t care? The proverb has it that “he’s a fiercely jealous lover.” And what he gives in love is far better than anything else you’ll find. It’s common knowledge that “God goes against the willful proud; God gives grace to the willing humble.”

7-10 So let God work his will in you. Yell a loud no to the Devil and watch him make himself scarce. Say a quiet yes to God and he’ll be there in no time. Quit dabbling in sin. Purify your inner life. Quit playing the field. Hit bottom, and cry your eyes out. The fun and games are over. Get serious, really serious. Get down on your knees before the Master; it’s the only way you’ll get on your feet.

11-12 Don’t bad-mouth each other, friends. It’s God’s Word, his Message, his Royal Rule, that takes a beating in that kind of talk. You’re supposed to be honoring the Message, not writing graffiti all over it. God is in charge of deciding human destiny. Who do you think you are to meddle in the destiny of others?

Nothing but a Wisp of Fog

13-15 And now I have a word for you who brashly announce, “Today—at the latest, tomorrow—we’re off to such and such a city for the year. We’re going to start a business and make a lot of money.” You don’t know the first thing about tomorrow. You’re nothing but a wisp of fog, catching a brief bit of sun before disappearing. Instead, make it a habit to say, “If the Master wills it and we’re still alive, we’ll do this or that.”

16-17 As it is, you are full of your grandiose selves. All such vaunting self-importance is evil. In fact, if you know the right thing to do and don’t do it, that, for you, is evil.

Destroying Your Life from Within

1-3 And a final word to you arrogant rich: Take some lessons in lament. You’ll need buckets for the tears when the crash comes upon you. Your money is corrupt and your fine clothes stink. Your greedy luxuries are a cancer in your gut, destroying your life from within. You thought you were piling up wealth. What you’ve piled up is judgment.

4-6 All the workers you’ve exploited and cheated cry out for judgment. The groans of the workers you used and abused are a roar in the ears of the Master Avenger. You’ve looted the earth and lived it up. But all you’ll have to show for it is a fatter than usual corpse. In fact, what you’ve done is condemn and murder perfectly good persons, who stand there and take it.

* * *

7-8 Meanwhile, friends, wait patiently for the Master’s Arrival. You see farmers do this all the time, waiting for their valuable crops to mature, patiently letting the rain do its slow but sure work. Be patient like that. Stay steady and strong. The Master could arrive at any time.

Friends, don’t complain about each other. A far greater complaint could be lodged against you, you know. The Judge is standing just around the corner.

10-11 Take the old prophets as your mentors. They put up with anything, went through everything, and never once quit, all the time honoring God. What a gift life is to those who stay the course! You’ve heard, of course, of Job’s staying power, and you know how God brought it all together for him at the end. That’s because God cares, cares right down to the last detail.

12 And since you know that he cares, let your language show it. Don’t add words like “I swear to God” to your own words. Don’t show your impatience by concocting oaths to hurry up God. Just say yes or no. Just say what is true. That way, your language can’t be used against you.

Prayer to Be Reckoned With

13-15 Are you hurting? Pray. Do you feel great? Sing. Are you sick? Call the church leaders together to pray and anoint you with oil in the name of the Master. Believing-prayer will heal you, and Jesus will put you on your feet. And if you’ve sinned, you’ll be forgiven—healed inside and out.

16-18 Make this your common practice: Confess your sins to each other and pray for each other so that you can live together whole and healed. The prayer of a person living right with God is something powerful to be reckoned with. Elijah, for instance, human just like us, prayed hard that it wouldn’t rain, and it didn’t—not a drop for three and a half years. Then he prayed that it would rain, and it did. The showers came and everything started growing again.

19-20 My dear friends, if you know people who have wandered off from God’s truth, don’t write them off. Go after them. Get them back and you will have rescued precious lives from destruction and prevented an epidemic of wandering away from God.

Greeting

(A)James, a servant[a] of God and (B)of the Lord Jesus Christ,

To (C)the twelve tribes in (D)the Dispersion:

Greetings.

Testing of Your Faith

(E)Count it all joy, my brothers,[b] when you meet trials (F)of various kinds, for you know that (G)the testing of your faith (H)produces steadfastness. And let steadfastness have its full effect, that you may be (I)perfect and complete, lacking in nothing.

(J)If any of you lacks wisdom, (K)let him ask God, (L)who gives generously to all without reproach, and it will be given him. But (M)let him ask in faith, (N)with no doubting, for the one who doubts is like (O)a wave of the sea that is driven and tossed by the wind. For that person must not suppose that he will receive anything from the Lord; (P)he is a double-minded man, (Q)unstable in all his ways.

Let the lowly brother boast in his exaltation, 10 and (R)the rich in his humiliation, because (S)like a flower of the grass[c] he will pass away. 11 For the sun rises with its scorching heat and (T)withers the grass; its flower falls, and its beauty perishes. So also will the rich man fade away in the midst of his pursuits.

12 (U)Blessed is the man who remains steadfast under trial, for when he has stood the test he will receive (V)the crown of life, (W)which God has promised to those who love him. 13 Let no one say when he is tempted, “I am being tempted by God,” for God cannot be tempted with evil, and he himself tempts no one. 14 But each person is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desire. 15 Then desire (X)when it has conceived gives birth to sin, and (Y)sin when it is fully grown brings forth death.

16 Do not be deceived, my beloved brothers. 17 (Z)Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from (AA)the Father of lights, (AB)with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change.[d] 18 (AC)Of his own will he (AD)brought us forth by the word of truth, (AE)that we should be a kind of (AF)firstfruits of his creatures.

Hearing and Doing the Word

19 (AG)Know this, my beloved brothers: let every person (AH)be quick to hear, (AI)slow to speak, (AJ)slow to anger; 20 for the anger of man does not produce the righteousness of God. 21 Therefore (AK)put away all filthiness and rampant wickedness and receive with (AL)meekness the implanted word, (AM)which is able to save your souls.

22 But be (AN)doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves. 23 For if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man who looks intently at his natural face in a mirror. 24 For he looks at himself and goes away and at once forgets what he was like. 25 But the one who looks into the perfect law, (AO)the law of liberty, and perseveres, being no hearer who forgets but a doer who acts, (AP)he will be blessed in his doing.

26 If anyone thinks he is religious (AQ)and does not bridle his tongue but deceives his heart, this person's (AR)religion is worthless. 27 Religion that is pure and undefiled before God the Father is this: (AS)to visit (AT)orphans and widows in their affliction, and (AU)to keep oneself (AV)unstained from the world.

The Sin of Partiality

My brothers,[e] (AW)show no partiality as you hold the faith in our Lord Jesus Christ, (AX)the Lord of glory. For if a man wearing a gold ring and fine clothing comes into your assembly, and a poor man in shabby clothing also comes in, and if you pay attention to the one who wears the fine clothing and say, “You sit here in a good place,” (AY)while you say to the poor man, “You stand over there,” or, “Sit down at my feet,” have you not then made distinctions among yourselves and become (AZ)judges with evil thoughts? Listen, my beloved brothers, (BA)has not God chosen those who are poor in the world to be (BB)rich in faith and heirs of (BC)the kingdom, (BD)which he has promised to those who love him? But you (BE)have dishonored the poor man. Are not the rich the ones who oppress you, and the ones who (BF)drag you (BG)into court? Are they not the ones who blaspheme the honorable (BH)name by which you were called?

If you really fulfill the royal law according to the Scripture, (BI)“You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” you are doing well. But if you (BJ)show partiality, you are committing sin and are convicted by the law as transgressors. 10 For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point (BK)has become guilty of all of it. 11 For he who said, (BL)“Do not commit adultery,” also said, (BM)“Do not murder.” If you do not commit adultery but do murder, you have become a transgressor of the law. 12 So speak and so act as those who are to be judged under (BN)the law of liberty. 13 For (BO)judgment is without mercy to one who has shown no mercy. Mercy triumphs over judgment.

Faith Without Works Is Dead

14 What good is it, my brothers, if someone says he has faith (BP)but does not have works? Can that faith save him? 15 (BQ)If a brother or sister is poorly clothed and lacking in daily food, 16 (BR)and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, be warmed and filled,” without giving them the things needed for the body, what good[f] is that? 17 So also faith by itself, if it does not have works, is dead.

18 But someone will say, “You have faith and I have works.” Show me your faith (BS)apart from your works, and I will show you my faith (BT)by my works. 19 (BU)You believe that God is one; you do well. Even (BV)the demons believe—and shudder! 20 Do you want to be shown, you foolish person, that faith apart from works is useless? 21 (BW)Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered up his son Isaac on the altar? 22 You see that (BX)faith was active along with his works, and faith was completed (BY)by his works; 23 and the Scripture was fulfilled that says, (BZ)“Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness”—and he was called a (CA)friend of God. 24 You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone. 25 And in the same way was not also (CB)Rahab the prostitute justified by works (CC)when she received the messengers and sent them out by another way? 26 For as the body apart from the spirit is dead, so also faith apart from works is dead.

Taming the Tongue

(CD)Not many of you should become teachers, my brothers, for you know that we who teach will be judged with greater strictness. For (CE)we all stumble in many ways. And if anyone does not stumble in what he says, (CF)he is a perfect man, (CG)able also to bridle his whole body. If we put (CH)bits into the mouths of horses so that they obey us, we guide their whole bodies as well. Look at the ships also: though they are so large and are driven by strong winds, they are guided by a very small rudder wherever the will of the pilot directs. So also the tongue is a small member, yet (CI)it boasts of great things.

How great a forest is set ablaze by such a small fire! And (CJ)the tongue is a fire, a world of unrighteousness. The tongue is set among our members, (CK)staining the whole body, setting on fire the entire course of life,[g] and set on fire by hell.[h] For every kind of beast and bird, of reptile and sea creature, can be tamed and has been tamed by mankind, but no human being can tame the tongue. It is a restless evil, (CL)full of deadly poison. With it we bless our Lord and Father, and with it we curse people (CM)who are made in the likeness of God. 10 From the same mouth come blessing and cursing. My brothers,[i] these things ought not to be so. 11 Does a spring pour forth from the same opening both fresh and salt water? 12 Can a fig tree, my brothers, bear olives, or a grapevine produce figs? Neither can a salt pond yield fresh water.

Wisdom from Above

13 Who is wise and understanding among you? (CN)By his good conduct let him show his works (CO)in the meekness of wisdom. 14 But if you have bitter (CP)jealousy and selfish ambition in your hearts, do not boast and be false to the truth. 15 This is not (CQ)the wisdom that comes down from above, but is earthly, unspiritual, (CR)demonic. 16 For where jealousy and selfish ambition exist, there will be disorder and every vile practice. 17 But (CS)the wisdom from above is first pure, then (CT)peaceable, gentle, open to reason, (CU)full of mercy and good fruits, (CV)impartial and (CW)sincere. 18 And (CX)a harvest of righteousness (CY)is sown in peace by those who make peace.

Warning Against Worldliness

What causes quarrels and what causes fights among you? Is it not this, that your passions[j] are (CZ)at war within you?[k] You desire and do not have, so you murder. You covet and cannot obtain, so you fight and quarrel. You do not have, because you do not ask. You ask and do not receive, because you ask (DA)wrongly, to spend it on your passions. (DB)You adulterous people![l] Do you not know that friendship with the world is enmity with God? (DC)Therefore whoever wishes to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God. Or do you suppose it is to no purpose that the Scripture says, “He yearns jealously over the spirit (DD)that he has made to dwell in us”? But (DE)he gives more grace. Therefore it says, (DF)“God opposes the proud but (DG)gives grace to the humble.” Submit yourselves therefore to God. (DH)Resist the devil, and he will flee from you. (DI)Draw near to God, and he will draw near to you. (DJ)Cleanse your hands, you sinners, and (DK)purify your hearts, (DL)you double-minded. (DM)Be wretched and mourn and weep. Let your laughter be turned to mourning and your joy to gloom. 10 (DN)Humble yourselves before the Lord, and he will exalt you.

11 (DO)Do not speak evil against one another, brothers.[m] The one who speaks against a brother or (DP)judges his brother, speaks evil against the law and judges the law. But if you judge the law, you are not a doer of the law but a judge. 12 There is only (DQ)one lawgiver and (DR)judge, he who is able to save and (DS)to destroy. But (DT)who are you to judge your neighbor?

Boasting About Tomorrow

13 Come now, you who say, (DU)“Today or tomorrow we will go into such and such a town and spend a year there and trade and make a profit”— 14 yet you do not know what tomorrow will bring. What is your life? For (DV)you are a mist that appears for a little time and then vanishes. 15 Instead you ought to say, (DW)“If the Lord wills, we will live and do this or that.” 16 As it is, you boast in your arrogance. (DX)All such boasting is evil. 17 (DY)So whoever knows the right thing to do and fails to do it, for him it is sin.

Warning to the Rich

Come now, (DZ)you rich, weep and howl for the (EA)miseries that are coming upon you. (EB)Your riches have rotted and (EC)your garments are moth-eaten. Your gold and silver have corroded, and their corrosion will be evidence against you and will eat your flesh like fire. (ED)You have laid up treasure (EE)in the last days. Behold, (EF)the wages of the laborers who mowed your fields, which you kept back by fraud, are crying out against you, and (EG)the cries of the harvesters have reached the ears of (EH)the Lord of hosts. (EI)You have lived on the earth in luxury and (EJ)in self-indulgence. You have fattened your hearts in (EK)a day of slaughter. You have condemned and (EL)murdered (EM)the righteous person. He does not resist you.

Patience in Suffering

Be patient, therefore, brothers,[n] until the coming of the Lord. See how the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth, being patient about it, until it receives (EN)the early and the late rains. You also, be patient. (EO)Establish your hearts, for the coming of the Lord (EP)is at hand. Do not grumble against one another, brothers, (EQ)so that you may not be judged; behold, (ER)the Judge is standing (ES)at the door. 10 As an example of suffering and patience, brothers, take (ET)the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord. 11 Behold, we consider those blessed who remained steadfast. You have heard of (EU)the steadfastness of Job, and you have seen (EV)the purpose of the Lord, how (EW)the Lord is compassionate and merciful.

12 But above all, my brothers, (EX)do not swear, either by heaven or by earth or by any other oath, but let your “yes” be yes and your “no” be no, so that you may not fall under condemnation.

The Prayer of Faith

13 Is anyone among you suffering? Let him pray. Is anyone cheerful? Let him (EY)sing praise. 14 Is anyone among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, (EZ)anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord. 15 And the prayer of faith will save the one who is sick, and the Lord will raise him up. And (FA)if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven. 16 Therefore, (FB)confess your sins to one another and pray for one another, (FC)that you may be healed. (FD)The prayer of a righteous person has great power as it is working.[o] 17 Elijah was a man (FE)with a nature like ours, and (FF)he prayed fervently that it might not rain, and for (FG)three years and six months it did not rain on the earth. 18 (FH)Then he prayed again, and heaven gave rain, and the earth bore its fruit.

19 My brothers, (FI)if anyone among you wanders from the truth and someone (FJ)brings him back, 20 let him know that whoever brings back a sinner from his wandering (FK)will save his soul from death and (FL)will cover a multitude of sins.

Footnotes

  1. James 1:1 For the contextual rendering of the Greek word doulos, see Preface
  2. James 1:2 Or brothers and sisters. In New Testament usage, depending on the context, the plural Greek word adelphoi (translated “brothers”) may refer either to brothers or to brothers and sisters; also verses 16, 19
  3. James 1:10 Or a wild flower
  4. James 1:17 Some manuscripts variation due to a shadow of turning
  5. James 2:1 Or brothers and sisters; also verses 5, 14
  6. James 2:16 Or benefit
  7. James 3:6 Or wheel of birth
  8. James 3:6 Greek Gehenna
  9. James 3:10 Or brothers and sisters; also verse 12
  10. James 4:1 Greek pleasures; also verse 3
  11. James 4:1 Greek in your members
  12. James 4:4 Or You adulteresses!
  13. James 4:11 Or brothers and sisters
  14. James 5:7 Or brothers and sisters; also verses 9, 10, 12, 19
  15. James 5:16 Or The effective prayer of a righteous person has great power