2:18 Samuel. The behavior of Samuel, who ministers faithfully before the Lord, and also of Eli, who regularly blesses Elkanah and his wife (v. 20), is in sharp contrast with the abuses of Eli’s sons.

linen ephod. A short inner garment of some sort, and associated with priestly service (22:18), the linen ephod was worn also by King David when he brought the ark to Jerusalem (2 Sam. 6:14). See also 2:28, note.